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Chapter 13
RNA and protein synthesis
17
Biology
10th Grade
02/12/2013

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Term
RNA
Definition
Nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides
Term
Messenger RNA
Definition
Carry information from DNA to other parts of the cell
Term
Ribosomal RNA
Definition
Combines proteins to form RNA
Term
Transfer RNA
Definition
Transfers amino acid to ribosome
Term
Transcription
Definition
Synthesis of RNA molecule from a DNA
Term
RNA Polymerase
Definition
Binds to DNA during transcription and separates the DNA strand
Term
Promoters
Definition
Signals in the DNA molecule that shows RNA polymerase exactly where to begin making RNA
Term
Introns
Definition
The portions that are cut out and discarded
Term
Exons
Definition
Spliced together to form final mRNA
Term
Polypeptides
Definition
Long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
Term
Genetic code
Definition
Collection of codons of mRNA, each of which directs the incorporation of a particular amino acid into a protein during protein synthesis
Term
Codon
Definition
A 3 letter "word" that contains 3 consecutive bases that specify a single amino acid
Term
Translation
Definition
The decoding of an mRNA message into protein is a process
Term
Anticodon
Definition
Group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary the 3 bases of a codon of mRNA
Term
Gene expression
Definition
Process by which a gene produces its product and the product carries out its function
Term
Anticodon
Definition
Group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary the 3 bases of a codon of mRNA
Term
Gene expression
Definition
Process by which a gene produces its product and the product carries out its function
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