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Chapter 1.3
Key Terms
15
Psychology
11th Grade
09/13/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
bell curve
Definition
(normal curve) many traits, intellectual abilities, are said to be normally distributed, with roughly 68 percent of the distribution being within one standard deviation of the mean, and more than 90 percent being within two standard derivations of the mean
Term
central tendency
Definition
A general term for the midpoint, or center of a distribution.
Term
descriptive statistics
Definition
Statistics that provide information about the features of a particular sample
Term
mean
Definition
The arithmetic average of all of the scores in a distribution
Term
median
Definition
The middlemost score in a distribution
Term
mode
Definition
The most frequent score in a distribution
Term
negative (inverse) correlation
Definition
A relationship between two variables in which the values of one variable increase as the values of the other variable decrease
Term
percentile
Definition
The percentage of scores in a distribution that are below a particular score
Term
positive (direct) correlation
Definition
A relationship between two variables in which the values of one variable increase as the values of the other variable increase
Term
standard deviation
Definition
A statistic that measures the variability, or degree of spread, of a distribution. It is calculated by taking the square root of the variance, or the average squared deviation of scores from the mean
Term
statistical significance
Definition
A condition in which the difference between the experimental and control groups is so large that it is unlikely to have occurred by chance alone
Term
variable
Definition
Anything that can take on any of a number of values
Term
variance
Definition
A statistic that measures the variability, or degree of spread, in the distribution. It is calculated by taking the average squared deviation of scores from the mean
Term
z-score
Definition
A standardized score with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. Scores in the distributions of two different measures, such as a measure of IQ and a measure of reading comprehension, are often converted to z-scores so that the distributions can be easily compared with one another
Term
Inferential statistics
Definition
Statistics used to generalize form relatively small samples
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