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Chapter 13 Key Terms
Chapter 13 Key Terms Socials 11
21
History
11th Grade
12/13/2010

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Term
Biosphere
Definition
Regions of Earth occupied by living organisms, made up of all the ecozones
Term
Stewardship
Definition
Careful management of resources to ensure that they are sustainable
Term
Permafrost
Definition
Subsoil that remains frozen all year long
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
The largest population that an encironment can support
Term
Deforestation
Definition
The process of destroying a forest and replacing it with something else
Term
Global Warming
Definition
The observed and projected increase in the earth's average temperature due to burning of fossil fuels and deforestation
Term
Ecology
Definition
The science concerned with the relationship between living things and their environment
Term
Acid Precipitation
Definition
Any form of precipitation that is high in sulfuric and nitric acids as a result of pollution in the air
Term
Groundwater
Definition
Water beneath Earth's surface in underground streams and other forms
Term
Surface Water
Definition
Water that is readily acailable on Earth's surface in streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, and oceans
Term
Wastewater
Definition
Water that has been used in homes or industries and, as a result, contains waste products
Term
Watermilfoil Weed
Definition
A plant that grows and spreads quickly, choking out native plants, affecting spawning areas for fish, and posing a safety problem if it grows around public beaches
Term
Aquifer
Definition
An underground layer of rock, gravel, etc., from which water can be drawn for wells and which is a source of springs
Term
Peatlands
Definition
Wetlands with soil formed mostly from decomposing plants
Term
Greenhouse Effect
Definition
Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, causing Earth's temperature to rise
Term
Carbon Sink
Definition
A reservoir that can absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, including forests, peat, and oceans
Term
Meltwater
Definition
Melted snow or ice, including ice from glaciers
Term
Runoff
Definition
Water from rain and melting snow that cannot be held in the soil so makes its way into strams, rivers, lakes, and oceans
Term
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Definition
The UN's plan to keep greenhouse gas concentrations from increasing, created at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janerio, Brazil
Term
Kyoto Protocol
Definition
An international agreement that sets binding targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions; the average target is 5% of 1990 levels by 2008- 2012
Term
Carbon Credit
Definition
If an organization produces more greenhouse gases than it is allowed, it can purchase a credit from an organization that is below its taget emission levels
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