Term
| _______________ : Study of Plants |
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Definition
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Term
| Not all plants are green, just because something is green doesn't make them a plant. Look for _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Plants are a primary _______________ source. Most oxygen production comes from algae but plants contribute to this greatly. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| paper, gum, wax, alcohol, turpentine, cork, lumber, cloth fibers, coal, petroleum, medicines, plastics. |
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Term
Some plants are heterotrophic:
mistletoe: partially _______________. Gets water and minerals from host tree but carries out _______________
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Definition
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Term
Some plants are heterotrophic:
Dodder, very little _______________, very little _______________. Has roots that penetrate the stem of host plants.
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Definition
chlorophyll
photosynthesis
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Term
Some plants are heterotrophic:
Indian pipes are completely _______________. No chlorophyll, no pigment, ghostly white. Absorb food made soluble by fungi but their tissues and flowers make them plants not fungi.
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Definition
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Term
| Kingdom Plantae: _______________ Phyla These can be grouped based on the presence or absence of vascular _______________ and _______________. Vascular tissues are specialized structures that conduct water and dissolved materials in a plant. A seed is a structure that contains a young plant and stored food in a _______________ _______________ _______________. |
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Definition
Nine
tissues
seeds
Protective seed coat |
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Term
| Non-vascular plants: Only one phylum of plants lack vascular _______________; Bryophyta. Mosses, liverwort and similar. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most obvious part of the moss is the _______________ _______________. It transmits water in small spaces between the cells in much the same way a paper towel absorbs water. On the bottom of each shoot is a tangle mass of _______________ which appear root-like but they lack conducting tissues and therefore are not _______________ roots. They are mostly used for _______________. |
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Definition
leafy shoot
rhizoids
true
anchorage |
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Term
| Mosses lack the _______________ cuticle found on most plant leaves which allows them to absorb water directly into the leafy shoot but also leaves them susceptible to drying out. For this reason mosses are found mostly in _______________ environments. |
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Definition
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Term
Life Cycle of a Moss: Leafy shoot is first part: Two types of leafy shoot. One kind has the ___________parts and one has the ___________parts. They are usually on different plants but can sometimes be found on different branches of the same plant.
Leafy shoots produce the _______________ and are therefore called the _______________ generation.
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Definition
male
female
gametes
gametophyte |
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Term
| Moss: Male part-- _______________ where spiral-shaped sperm are produced. The female gametophyte has vase-shaped _______________ which produces the egg (ovum). |
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Definition
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| Mosses: Rain or high _______________ causes the antheridia to release the sperm and the archegonia to open and release a _______________ which stimulates the sperm to swim toward it. Water is _______________ for the sperm to swim to the archegonia. |
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Definition
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| Mosses: The fertilized ovum is now a _______________ _______________ which grows into a stalk with capsule where spores are produced which gives it the name _______________ generation. The sporophyte begins as a _______________ on the gametophyte. When mature the cap comes off of the sporophyte capsule and the wind distributes the released spores. |
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Definition
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Term
| The moss spores land on the ground and produce a cellular filament called the _______________ which then forms the leafy shoot and rhizoids of the gametophyte to complete the cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mosses and Ferns: The gametophyte gives rise to the sporophyte and the sporophyte gives rise to the gametophyte. For the mosses (bryophytes) gametophyte is more often seen so it is considered the dominant generation. For the ferns the sporophyte is considered the dominant generation. Botanists call this life cycle “_______________ generations.” |
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Definition
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Term
| Are rhizoids roots? Why or why not? |
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Definition
No rhizoids are not roots.
Rhizoids are anchorage structures |
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Term
| Where might mosses be found? Why is this important? |
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Definition
Mosses are found in moist environments.
Mosses need water for sexual fertilization to occur. |
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Term
| What is the significant element necessary for reproduction to happen in mosses? Name two results of this element being present. |
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Definition
| Mosses need water for reproduction to happen. Water is needed because moss lack water transporting vessels, so they need to be within one cell wall to the water source. Moss also need water for sexual reproduction to occur because the water transports the sexual signals and the gametes to fertilization. |
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Term
Ferns: Vascular plants without seeds: 4 phyla
All plants other than bryophytes have vascular _______________ which conduct water and dissolved minerals through the plants. These plants can get very large. These plants produce spores instead of seeds. Spores are a single cell with a protective coat. |
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Definition
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Term
_______________ are the best known of the vascular plants without seeds.
Epiphytes are plants that grow on other plants but are not _______________.
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Definition
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Term
| Fern leaves are commonly called fronds grow from a creeping or an underground stem called a rhizome which produces roots. Ferns usually grow in clumps from a single rhizome and can produce new clumps _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| On the underside of the fern frond are clumps of _______________, which are _______________ -producing sporangia. When released the spores are carried by the wind and then settle to form a heart-shaped _______________ which is one cell layer thick. The underside of the prothallus develops _______________ which absorb water and nutrients, several archegonia and antheridia. _______________ sperm are released from the antheridia and swim to the ovum at the bottom of the archegonium. The prothallus is therefore the gametophyte generation. |
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Definition
sori
spore
prothallus
rhizoids
Flagellated |
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Term
| The fern zygote in the bottom of the archegonium matures and sends the first leaf up and the first root down, beginning the sporophyte generation. The sporophyte is a _______________ on the gametophyte until it is large enough to manufacture its own _______________ and begin to carry on photosynthesis and then the prothallus dies. |
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Definition
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Term
| The _______________ generation of the ferns is the prominent generation. |
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Definition
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Term
Vascular plants with seeds: two subgroups: non-flowering and flowering parts.
Vascular Plants with Seeds;
_______________ are non-flowering and _______________ are flowering.
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Definition
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Term
| Gymnosperms: the largest group is the phylum Coniferophyta. These produce _______________ in _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the Spring, pine trees produce two types of cones: _______________ cones which are numerous, small and short-lived and are found near the tips of branches. These produce lots of pollen which contain the male reproductive gametes. |
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Definition
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| Pollen lands on the open scales of the small, green, upright _______________ cone, usually found on the other branches of the same tree. When fertilized the scales close and the cone points downward. When mature they release the seeds. |
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Definition
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Phylum Anthophyta: The flowering plants
-Often called angiosperms and are the most _______________ vegetation on earth. These all have seeds enclosed in the ovary and flowers. An ovary is the structure which encloses the seeds; a mature _______________ is a fruit.
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Definition
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| Angiosperms are divided into two classes, Monocotyledonneae and Dicotyledoneae commonly called _______________ and __________. |
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Definition
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A _______________ has stored food to keep the embryonic plant alive while it is in the seed and to supply the sprout with energy until it can carry on photosynthesis. Peanuts are _______________ (split in two) corn is a _______________ (doesn't split)...a banana splits into three parts so it is a __________.
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Definition
cotyledon
dicots
monocots
monocot |
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