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The process of creating, distributing, promoting, and pricing goods, services, and ideas to facilitate satisfying exchange relationships with customers and to develop and maintain favorable relationships with stakeholders in a dynamic environment
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The purchasers of organizations' products; the focal point of all marketing activities
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A specific group of customers on whom an organization focuses it marketing efforts
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Four marketing activities-product, pricing, distribution, and promotion-that a firm can control to meet the needs of customers within its target market
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A good, a service, or an idea
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The provision or transfer of goods, services, or ideas in return for something of value
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Constituents who have a "stake," or claim, in some aspect of a company's products, operations, markets, industry, and outcomes
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The competitive, economic, political, legal and regulatory, technological, and sociocultural forces that surround the customer and affect the marketing mix
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A managerial philosophy that an organization should try to satisfy customers' needs through a coordinated set of activities that also allows the organization to acheive its goals
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An organizationwide commitment to researching and responding to customer needs
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Establishing long-term, mutually satisfying buyer-seller relationships
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Using information about customers to create marketing strategies that develop and sustain desirable customer relationships
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A customer's subjetive assessment of benefits relative to costs in determining the worth of a product
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The process of planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling marketing activities to facilitate exchanges effectively and efficiently
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