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Chapter 1
Intro to Structure and Function
69
Anatomy
12th Grade
08/19/2015

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
The study of the structure and organization of living things
Term
Anatomia
Definition
Greek: To cut up
Term
Physiology
Definition
The study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms
Term
Physis
Definition
Greek: Nature
Term
Pathology
Definition
The study of disease
Term
Pathos
Definition
Greek:Pain
Term
Cells
Definition
Smallest unit; organization of various chemicals
Term
Tissues
Definition
Organization of similar cells
Term
Organs
Definition
Organization of different kinds of tissues
Term
Systems
Definition
Organization of many different kinds of organs
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
Standing erect with the feet slightly apart and arms at the side with palms turned forward
Term
Superior
Definition
Toward the head, Upper, above
Term
Inferior
Definition
Toward the feet, lower, below
Term
Anterior
Definition
Front, in front of (same as ventral in humans)
Term
Posterior
Definition
Back, in back of (same as dorsal in humans)
Term
Medial
Definition
Toward the midline of a structure
Term
Lateral
Definition
Away from the midline or toward the side of a structure
Term
Proximal
Definition
Toward or nearest the trunk, or nearest the point of origin of a structure
Term
Distal
Definition
Away from or farthest from the trunk, or farthest from a structure's point of origin
Term
Supine
Definition
Laying face up
Term
Prone
Definition
Laying face down
Term
Superficial
Definition
Nearer the body surface
Term
Deep
Definition
Farther away from the body surface
Term
Sagittal plane
Definition
Lengthwise plane that divides a structure into right and left sections
Term
Midsagittal plane
Definition
Sagittal plane that divides the body into two equal sections
Term
Frontal (coronal) plane
Definition
Lengthwise plane that divides a structure into anterior and posterior sections
Term
Transverse plane
Definition
Horizontal plane that divides a structure into upper and lower sections
Term
Ventral cavity
Definition
Diaphragm separates the thoracic and abdominopelvis cavities
Term
Thoracic cavity
Definition
Consists of the mediastinum, pleural cavity, and abdominopelvic cavity
Term
Mediastinum
Definition
Mid portion of thoracic cavity; heart and trachea located here
Term
Pleural cavity
Definition
Right lung located in right cavity, left lung in left cavity (assume anatomical position)
Term
Abdominopelvic cavity
Definition
Consists of the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
Term
Abdominal cavity
Definition
Contains the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen
Term
Pelvic cavity
Definition
Contains the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lowest part of intestine
Term
Number of abdominopelvic regions
Definition
Nine
Term
Number of quadrants in an abdominopelvic region
Definition
Four
Term
Dorsal cavity
Definition
Consists of the cranial and spinal cavity
Term
Cranial cavity
Definition
Contains the brain
Term
Spinal cavity
Definition
Contains the spinal cord
Term
Axial Region
Definition
Head, neck, and torso or trunk
Term
Appendicular region
Definition
Upper and lower extremities
Term
Cranial
Definition
Entire top of the head
Term
Cephalic
Definition
Entire head
Term
Ophthalmic
Definition
Region around the eye
Term
Zygomatic region
Definition
Hard bone of cheek
Term
Buccal region
Definition
Fleshy, soft part of cheek
Term
Occipital
Definition
Back of the head
Term
Abdominal region
Definition
Anterior region from rib cage to the pelvis
Term
Antebrachial
Definition
Forearms (elbow to wrist)
Term
Axillary
Definition
Armpits
Term
Brachial
Definition
Upper arm (elbow to shoulder)
Term
Orbital
Definition
In eye
Term
Carpal
Definition
Wrist
Term
Cervical
Definition
Neck
Term
Cubital
Definition
Elbow
Term
Cutaneous
Definition
Skin
Term
Digital
Definition
Toe or finger
Term
Dorsal
Definition
Back
Term
Femoral
Definition
Thighs
Term
Gluteal
Definition
Butt
Term
Inguinal
Definition
Inner thigh
Term
Lumbar
Definition
Lower back
Term
Mammary
Definition
Breast tissue
Term
Palmar
Definition
Palm of the hand
Term
Pedal
Definition
Foot
Term
Plantar
Definition
Sole of the foot
Term
Thoracic
Definition
Chest
Term
Tarsal
Definition
Ankle
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
The individual's ability to maintain internal stability
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