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Chapter 11
Human Development Across the Life Span
35
Psychology
11th Grade
03/07/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Zygote
Definition
a one celled organism formed by the union of a sperm and an egg.
Term
Prenatal Period
Definition
The prenatal period extends from conception to birth, usually encompassing niine months of pregnancy.
Term
Name the three phases of the prenatal period.
Definition

1) The germinal stage (first 2 weeks)

 

2) The embryonic stage (2 weeks to 2 months)

 

3) The Fetal Stage (2 months to birth)

Term
Germinal Stage
Definition
The first phase of prenatal development, encompassing the first 2 weeks after conception.
Term
Placenta
Definition
A structure that allows oxygen and nutrients to pass into the fetus from the mother's bloodstream and bodily wastes to pass out oof the mother.
Term
Embryonic Stage
Definition
the second stage of prenatal development, lasting from 2 weeks until the end of the 2nd month.
Term
What takes place during the geminal stage?
Definition

zygote vreated thrrough fertilization

 

rapid cell division

 

seventh day the cell mass begins to attach itself on the uterine wall.

Term
What takes place during the embryonic stage?
Definition
Most of the vital organs and bodily systems begin to form
Term
Fetal Stage
Definition
Third stage of prenatal development, lasting from 2 months through birth.
Term
What happens during the fetal stage?
Definition

During the first 2 months rapid growth, as muscles and and bone begin to form.


Physical movements are capable now


Organs continue to grow and gradually begin to function


Sex organs begin to develope during the 3rd month.


During last three months, brain cells multiply at a brisk pace/layer of fat is deposited under the skin to provide insulation, and respitory and digestive systems begin to mature.

Term
Age of viability
Definition
The age at which a babycan survive in the event of a premature birth.
Term
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Definition
Collection of congenital (inborn) problems associated with excessive alcohol use during pregnancy.
Term
Can genital herpes and AIDS be transmitted to offspring during the birth process?
Definition
Yes it is.
Term
Motor Development
Definition
refers to the progression of muscular cordination required for physical activities.
Term
The cephalocaudal trend
Definition
The head to foot direction of motor develoment.
Term
The Proximodistal Trend
Definition

The center-outword direction of motor development.

 

Which means they gain control over their torso before their extrimities. So the baby will turn their whole body to get an object instead of reach for it.

Term
Maturation
Definition
Development that reflects the gradual unfolding of one's genetic blueprint.
Term
Developmental Norms
Definition
Indicate the median age at which individuals display various behaviors and abilities. "average baby"
Term
Temperament
Definition

Characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity.

 

EX: some  babies are animated and cheerful, others are sluggish and ornery.

Term
Longitudinal design
Definition
observes one group of participants repeatedly over a period of time.
Term
Cross Selection Design
Definition
Investigates compare groups of participants of differing age at a smingle point in time.
Term
Attachment
Definition
Close, emotional bonds of affection that develop between infants and their caregiver.
Term
Seperation Anxiety
Definition
Emotional distress seen in many infants when they are seperated from people with whom they have formed an attachment.
Term
A Stage
Definition
Developmental period during which characteristic paterns of behavior are exhibited and certain capacities become established.
Term
What is Erikson's Stage Theory?
Definition
Partitioned the life span into eight stages, each of which brings a psychological crisis involving transitions in important social relationships.
Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 1

Definition

Trust versus mistrust

 

First year of life

 

If biological needs are met his/her caregiver and sound attachments are formed, should develop optimistic views on that person.

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 2

Definition

Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt

 

2nd and 3rd year of life

 

child must begin to take somer personal responsibilites, if all goes well the child developes a sense of self-sufficiency. But if the childs parents due everything for the child then, the child may develope a sense of personal shame and self-doubt.

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 3

Definition

Initiative Versus Guilt

 

ages 3 to 6

 

Children expierement and take initiatives that may sometimes conflict with their parents rules.

 

Overcontrolling parents may begin ti instill guilt, and self esteen may suffer.

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 4

Definition

Industry Versus inferiority

 

age 6 through puberty

 

the challenge of learnning to function sociallyis extended beyond to the broader ssocial realm of the neighborhood and School.

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 5

Definition

Identity versus confusion

 

who am i and where am i going?

 

takes place in the teens.

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 6

Definition

intemecy versus isolation

 

shall i share my life with another or live alone.

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 7

 

Definition

Generativity versus self absorbtion

 

will i produce something of real value?

Term

Erikson's Stage Theory

Stage 8

Definition

Integrity versus dispair

 

Have i lived a full life?

Term
What are the four stages of piagets stage theories?
Definition

Sensorimotor period

 

Preoperational period

 

concrete period

 

formal operational period

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