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Chapter 11 Definitions
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26
Bartending
11th Grade
10/21/2010

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Term
Demography
Definition
the study of population numbers, distribution, trends, and issues
Term
Developed Countries
Definition
the world’s wealthiest countries; they have well-established infrastructures and their people are wellhoused, healthy, and have good literacy skills
Term
Developing Countries
Definition
countries that have lower standards of living than developed countries; many have extensive poverty
Term
Birth Rate
Definition
the number of births per 1000 people in a country in a given year
Term
Death Rate
Definition
the number of deaths per 1000 people in a country in a given year
Term
Immigration Rate
Definition
the number of new arrivals in a country in a given year per 1000 people
Term
Emigration Rate
Definition
the number of people leaving a country in a given year per 1000 people
Term
Natural Increase
Definition
the rate at which a population increases (or decreases) in a year expressed as a percentage of the total population; calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate
Term
Exponential Rate
Definition
a rapid rate of population growth as each generation doubles in size
Term
Rule of 70
Definition
the time it takes a country to double its population, approximately 70 divided by the country’s growth rate
Term
Doubling Time
Definition
the number of years it takes a country to double its population at its current growth rate
Term
Net Migration
Definition
the difference between the number of people immigrating to a country and the number of people emigrating
Term
Population Growth Rate
Definition
the rate at which a country’s population increases or decreases; calculated by adding natural increase and net migration
Term
Life Expectancy
Definition
the average number of years an individual is expected to live
Term
DEmographic Transition Model
Definition
a model that shows changes in a population’s birth and death rates and growth based on technological development
Term
Mortality
Definition
death rate, calculated as number of deaths per 1000 people in a population
Term
Family Living
Definition
the concept of limiting the size of families
Term
Total Fertility Rate
Definition
the average number of children born over the lifetime of a typical woman in a particular country
Term
One Child Policy
Definition
a policy adopted by China to control population growth
Term
Population Pyramid
Definition
a bar graph that shows male and female populations back to back at age intervals of five years
Term
Age Cohort
Definition
an age group in a population, for example, the number of people between the ages of 10 and 14
Term
Dependancy Ratio
Definition
the proportion of the population (children and those over 65 years of age) that is being supported by the working age group
Term
Carrying Capacity
Definition
the maximum number of people that can be sustained by an environment
Term
Population Distribution
Definition
the pattern of where people live in an area
Term
Popution Density
Definition
the number of people living in a given area; calculated by dividing the population by its area
Term
Nutritional Density
Definition
a measure of how much nutrition in calories can be produced from a certain area; an area with fertile soil and adequate temperatures and precipitation will have a higher nutritional density than an area such as Canada’s North
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