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chapter 10 vocabulary
vocabulary
16
Science
8th Grade
01/10/2008

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Term
temperature
Definition
a measure of how hot [[or cold]] something is; a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
Term
thermal expansion
Definition
the increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature.
Term
absolute zero
Definition
the lowest possible temperature [[0 k, -273' C]].
Term
heat
Definition
the transfer of energy between objects that are at different temperatures.
Term
thermal energy
Definition
the total energy of the particles that make up an object.
Term
conduction
Definition
the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another through direct contact; can also occur within a substance.
Term
conductor
Definition
a substance that conducts thermal energy well.
Term
insulator
Definition
a substance that does not conduct thermal energy well.
Term
convection
Definition
the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a liquid or gas.
Term
radiation
Definition
the transfer of energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light && infrared waves.
Term
specific heat capacity
Definition
the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1' C.
Term
states of matter
Definition
the physical forms in which a substance can exist [[solid, liquid, gas, && plasma]].
Term
change of state
Definition
the conversion of a substance from one physical form to another.
Term
insulation
Definition
a substance that reduces the transfer of thermal energy.
Term
heat engine
Definition
a machine that uses heat to do work.
Term
thermal pollution
Definition
the excessive heating of a body of water.
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