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Chapter 01
N/A
30
Chemistry
10th Grade
04/22/2009

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Term
Chemistry
Definition

the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the

processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes

Term
Mass
Definition
is a measure of the amount of matter
Term
 Matter
Definition
anything that had mass and takes up space
Term
Atom
Definition
is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element
Term
Element
Definition
is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom
Term
Compound
Definition
is a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded
Term
Extensive properties
Definition
depend on the amount of matter that is present
Term
Intensive properties
Definition
do not depend on the amount of matter present
Term
Physical property
Definition
is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Term
Physical change
Definition
a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
Term
Change of state
Definition
is a physical change of a substance from one state to another
Term
Solid
Definition
has definite volume and a definite shape
Term
Liquid
Definition
has a definite volume but an indefinite shape
Term
Gas
Definition
has neither a definite volume nor definite shape
Term
Plasma
Definition
high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms
Term
Chemical property
Definition
relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
Term
Chemical change/Chemical reaction
Definition
a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Term
Reactants
Definition
the substances that react in a chemical change
Term
Products
Definition
the substances that are formed by the chemical change
Term
Mixture
Definition
is a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
Term
Homogeneous
Definition
uniform in composition
Term
Solutions
Definition
are also called homogeneous mixtures
Term
Heterogeneous
Definition
not uniform without
Term
Pure substance
Definition
has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture because it has exactly the same characteristic properties, and has exactly the same composition
Term
Groups/Families
Definition
vertical columns of the periodic table
Term
Periods
Definition
the horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table
Term
 Metal
Definition
an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor
Term
Nonmetal
Definition
is an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
Term
Metalloid
Definition
is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals
Term
Chemical
Definition
is any substance that has a definite composition
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