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Chap. 6
Cellular Respiration
17
Biology
9th Grade
01/14/2011

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Term
What do cells need energy for?
Definition
Synthesis
Active transport
Reproduction
Movement
Maintaining homeostasis
Term
heterotroph
Definition
Digest food to get energy & raw materials to make more molecules
Term
What doees ATP stand for?
Definition
Adenosine TriPhosphate
Term
Removing a phosphate in ATP makes ...
Definition
energy
Term
ATP - flow chart
Definition
[image]
Term
What is Cellular respiration?
Definition
Process of breaking down food to make ATP
Term
Cellular Respiration – the reaction
Definition
glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water + energy

C6H12O6 + 6O2 > C6O2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat
Term
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
Definition
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Term
How many ATP are produced by Cellular Respiration?
Definition
36
Term
Glycolysis
Definition
First Stage of Cellular Respiration
1. Occurs in cytoplasm
2. Anaerobic (doesn‘t need oxygen)

Controlled by enzymes
Produce:
1. 2 ATP (net)
2. Helper molecules NADH
Term
Krebs Cycle
Definition
2nd Stage of Cellular Respiration
1. Pyruvic acid > CO2
2. Occurs in the mitochondria
3. Anaerobic
4. Reactions controlled by enzymes
Produce
1. 2 ATP
2. Helper molecules NADH & FADH2
Term
Electron Transport Chain
Definition
3rd stage of Cellular Respiration
1. Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria
2. Aerobic (needs oxygen)
3. Helper molecules (NADH & FADH2) lose electrons through membrane proteins which release energy to make ATP
The electrons are used to form H2O
ATP formed by chemiosmosis
32 ATP are produced!!!
Term
Can your cells still make ATP when there is no oxygen?
Definition
YES!
It is called anaerobic respiration
fermentation
Term
Fermentation
Definition
1. Produces small amounts of ATP until oxygen becomes available again

2. Some organisms only use fermentation
Term
What are the two types of fermentation?
Definition
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Term
Alcoholic Fermentation
Definition
1. Yeast
2. glucose > ATP + CO2 + alcohol
3. 2 ATP produced
4. Glycolysis occurs, then pyruvic acid is turned into CO2 and alcohol.
Used to make bread, beer & wine
Term
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Definition
1. Animals, bacteria
2. glucose > ATP + lactic acid
3. 2 ATP produced
4. Glycolysis occurs, then the pyruvic acid, is turned into lactic acid.
Causes muscle soreness in animals
Bacteria used to make yogurt
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