Term
What do cells need energy for?
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Definition
Synthesis
Active transport
Reproduction
Movement
Maintaining homeostasis
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Term
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Definition
Digest food to get energy & raw materials to make more molecules
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Term
| What doees ATP stand for? |
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Definition
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Term
| Removing a phosphate in ATP makes ... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
What is Cellular respiration?
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Definition
Process of breaking down food to make ATP
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Term
| Cellular Respiration – the reaction |
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Definition
glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water + energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 > C6O2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat
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Term
| What are the three stages of cellular respiration? |
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Definition
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron Transport Chain
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Term
| How many ATP are produced by Cellular Respiration? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
First Stage of Cellular Respiration
1. Occurs in cytoplasm
2. Anaerobic (doesn‘t need oxygen)
Controlled by enzymes
Produce:
1. 2 ATP (net)
2. Helper molecules NADH
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Term
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Definition
2nd Stage of Cellular Respiration
1. Pyruvic acid > CO2
2. Occurs in the mitochondria
3. Anaerobic
4. Reactions controlled by enzymes
Produce
1. 2 ATP
2. Helper molecules NADH & FADH2
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Term
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Definition
3rd stage of Cellular Respiration
1. Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria
2. Aerobic (needs oxygen)
3. Helper molecules (NADH & FADH2) lose electrons through membrane proteins which release energy to make ATP
The electrons are used to form H2O
ATP formed by chemiosmosis
32 ATP are produced!!!
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Term
| Can your cells still make ATP when there is no oxygen? |
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Definition
YES!
It is called anaerobic respiration
fermentation
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Term
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Definition
1. Produces small amounts of ATP until oxygen becomes available again
2. Some organisms only use fermentation
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Term
| What are the two types of fermentation? |
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Definition
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
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Term
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Definition
1. Yeast
2. glucose > ATP + CO2 + alcohol
3. 2 ATP produced
4. Glycolysis occurs, then pyruvic acid is turned into CO2 and alcohol.
Used to make bread, beer & wine
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Term
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Definition
1. Animals, bacteria
2. glucose > ATP + lactic acid
3. 2 ATP produced
4. Glycolysis occurs, then the pyruvic acid, is turned into lactic acid.
Causes muscle soreness in animals
Bacteria used to make yogurt
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