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ch. 22 & 23 Plants
Able/Brown flashcards
36
Biology
9th Grade
04/23/2008

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Term
plants
Definition
multicellular organisms that make their own food (glucose) by photosythesis
Term
leaves
Definition
flattened structures that cool the plant thru transpiration and the location of photosythesis.
Term
stems
Definition
form the structure of the plant and hold others parts in place. Some store food. Has vascular tissues that move water, food and minerals up and down the plant.
Term
roots
Definition
anchor the plant. absorb minerals and water and store food.
Term
seeds
Definition
embryonic plant with a food source and a protective coat.
Term
rhizoids
Definition
root like structures
Term
ferns
Definition
most common non-seeding vascular plant
Term
pinnae
Definition
leaflets
Term
sporangia
Definition
fern spore cases
Term
cycads
Definition
palm like trees with scaly trunks and produces cones.
Term
Ginkgos
Definition
a deciduous tree that is a living fossil.
Term
Conifers
Definition
has male and female cones and needles or scale like leaves like pine, cedar, fir. Some are deciduous (cyprus)
Term
Anthrophytes
Definition
flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in fruit
Term
cotyledons
Definition
the first leaves that come from an embryonic plant.
Term
monocots
Definition
have one cotyledon like grasses corn, bamboo, orchids, lilies
Term
dicots
Definition
two cotyledons - most plants
Term
annuals
Definition
have one growing season-produce flowers and seeds, most vegetables, wildflowers
Term
biennials
Definition
develop during their first growing season, die back, and come back strong a second season to produce flowers and seeds.
Term
perennials
Definition
live for several years and come back each year.
Term
deciduous
Definition
plants that loose leaves in the fall.
Term
evergreen
Definition
plants that loose a few leaves or needles at a time, but don't loose all of them in a season.
Term
dermal tissues
Definition
epidermis cells that protect the plant from water loss. They secrete a waxy substance called the cuticle.
Term
stomata
Definition
openings in the epidermis that allow for gas exchange and evaporation of water.
Term
Guard cells
Definition
control the size of the stomata.
Term
Xylem
Definition
vascular tissue that moves materials up to the leaves
Term
Fhloem
Definition
vacular cells that move sugars down to the roots
Term
meristomatic tissues
Definition
tissues where growth occurs.
Term
epidermis
Definition
"skin" of the plant
Term
root hairs
Definition
epidermis on the end of roots that absorb water and minerals
Term
cortex
Definition
made of parenchymal cells and located between epidermis and endodermis
Term
growth rings
Definition
vascular tissues that form in woody dicots.
Term
Palisade Mesophyll
Definition
cells under the epidermis where photosythesis takes place.
Term
phototropism
Definition
when a plant moves toward the light
Term
gravitropism
Definition
where plants sense gravity and send stems and leaves up and roots down.
Term
Thigmotropism
Definition
where plant tendrils will grow around anything it touches
Term
Nastic response
Definition
where a leaf closes when touched.
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