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ch17
terms
42
Business
Undergraduate 1
12/05/2007

Additional Business Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Accounting
Definition
The recording, classifying, summarizing, and interpreting of financial events and transactions to provide management and other interested parties the information they need to make good decisions
Term
Managerial accounting
Definition
Accounting used to provide information and analyses to managers within the organization to assist them in decision making
Term
Certified Management Accountant (CMA)
Definition
A professional accountant who has met certain educational and experience requirements, passed a qualifying exam in the field, and been certified by the Institute of Certified Management Accountants
Term
Financial accounting
Definition
Accounting information and analyses prepared for people outside the organization
Term
Annual Report
Definition
A yearly statement of the financial condition, progess, and expectations of an organization
Term
Private accountant
Definition
An accountant who works for a single firm, government agency, or nonprofit organization
Term
Public accountant
Definition
An accountant who provides accounting services to individuals or businesses on a fee basis
Term
Certified public accountant (CPA)
Definition
An accountant who passes a series of examinations established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
Term
Auditing
Definition
The job of reviewing and evaluating the records used to prepare a company's financial statements
Term
Certified internal auditor (CIA)
Definition
An accountant who has a bachelor's degree and two years of experience in internal auditing, and who has passed an exam administered by the Institute of Internal Auditors
Term
Independent audit
Definition
An evaluation and unbiased opinion about the accuracy of a company's financial statments
Term
Tax accountant
Definition
An accountant trained in tax law and responsible for preparing tax returns or developing tax strategies
Term
Government and not-for-profit accounting
Definition
Accounting system for organizations whose purpose is not generating a profit but serving ratepayers, taxpayers, and others according to a duly approved budget
Term
Accounting cycle
Definition
A six step procedure that results in the preparation and analysis of the major financial statments
Term
Bookkeeping
Definition
The recording of business transactions
Term
Journal
Definition
The record book or computer program where accounting data are first entered
Term
Double-entry bookkeeping
Definition
The concept of writing every business transaction in two places
Term
Ledger
Definition
A specialized accounting book or computer program in which information from accounting journals is accumulated into specific categories and posted so that managers can find all the information about one account in the same place
Term
Trial balance
Definition
A summary of all the data in the account ledgers to show whether the figures are correct and balance
Term
Financial statment
Definition
A summary of all the transactions that have occured over a particular period
Term
Fundamental accounting equation
Definition
Assets=liabilities+owner's equity; this is the basis for the balance sheet
Term
Balance sheet
Definition
The financial statement that reports a firm's financial condition at a specific time
Term
Assets
Definition
Economic resources (things of value) owned by a firm
Term
Liquidity
Definition
How fast an asset can be converted into cash
Term
Current assets
Definition
Items that can or will be converted into cash within one year
Term
Fixed assets
Definition
Assets that are relatively permanent, such as land, buildings, and equipment
Term
Intangible assets
Definition
Long-term assets that have no real physical form but do have value
Term
Accounts payable
Definition
Current liabilities involving money owed to others for merchandise or services purchased on credit but not yet paid for
Term
Notes payable
Definition
Short-term or long-term liabilities that a business promises to repay by a certain date
Term
Bonds payable
Definition
Long-term liabilities that represent money lent to the firm that must be paid back
Term
Owners' equity
Definition
The amount of the business that belongs to the owners minus any liabilities owed by the business
Term
Retained earnings
Definition
The accumulated earnings from a firm's profitable operations that were kept in the business and not paid out to stockholders in dividends
Term
Income statment
Definition
The financial statment that shows a firm's profit after costs, expenses, and taxes; it summarizes all of the resources that have come into the firm, all the resources that have left the firm, and the resulting net income
Term
Net income or net loss
Definition
Revenue left over after all costs and expenses, including taxes, are paid
Term
Revenue
Definition
The value of what is received for goods sold, services rendered and other financial sources
Term
Cost of goods sold
Definition
A measure of the cost of merchandise sold or cost of raw materials and supplies used for producing itmes for resale
Term
Gross profit
Definition
How much a firm earned by buying and selling merchandise
Term
Operating expenses
Definition
Costs involved in operating a business, such as rent, utilties, and salaries
Term
Depreciation
Definition
The systematic write-off of the cost of a tangible asset over its estimated useful life
Term
Statement of cash flows
Definition
Financial statement that reports cash receipts and disbursments related to a firm's three major activities: operations, investments, and financing
Term
Cash flow
Definition
The difference between cash coming in and cash going out of a business
Term
Ratio analysis
Definition
The assessment of a firm's financial condition and performance through calculations and interpretations of financial ratios developed from the firm's financial statments
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