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Ch. 11
The Formation of Islamic Civilization
19
History
Undergraduate 1
11/09/2009

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Ka’ba
Definition
A black meteorite in the city of Mecca that became Islam’s holiest shrine
Term
Muhammad
Definition
Troubled by the idolatry, worldliness, and lack of self conscience. Felt called by God to "rise and warn" the Arabs about their disregard. Recieved revelations from Gabriel
Term
Qu'ran
Definition
Meaning “a reciting.” The Islamic bible, which Muslims believe God revealed to the prophet Muhammad.
Term
Islam
Definition
Means "submission." The religion founded by the prophet Muhammad.
Term
Hegira
Definition
The flight of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE. It marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
Term
Umma
Definition
The Islamic community.
Term
Hajj
Definition
The pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are instructed to perform at least once in their lifetime.
Term
Caliph
Definition
True line of sucession from Muhammad
Term
Five Pillars of Islam
Definition
Shadda-No God but Allah, Salat-Prayer, Sawn-Ramadan fasting, Zakat-alms, Hajj-pilgrimage.
Term
Jihad
Definition
“Struggle in the path of God.” Means holy war in the name of Islam without necessarily implying violence.
Term
Imam
Definition
Islamic prayer leader.
Term
Emir
Definition
An Islamic military commander
Term
Ulama
Definition
“Persons with correct knowledge.” The Islamic scholarly elite who served a social function similar to the Christian clergy.
Term
Shi'a
Definition
The minority of Muslims who trace their beliefs from the caliph Ali who was assassinated in 661 CE.
Term
Sunnis
Definition
Meaning “tradition.” The followers of the dominant Islamic group, Sunna.
Term
Mamluks
Definition
Slave soldiers who converted to Islam, the mamluks eventually became a powerful military caste and even governed Egypt from 1250 to 1517.
Term
Abbasids
Definition
Ruled from Baghdad. The Arab dominanence replaced by Eastern, especially Persian, influence. Leaders of slave soldiers gained power. Splendid court left rich cultural legacy.
Term
Sultans
Definition
Rulers who have almost complete sovereignty over a certain domain without claiming the title of caliph.
Term
Crown College
Definition
jew prison.
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