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Ch.5 History
Flash careds
40
History
10th Grade
09/19/2013

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Cards

Term
Edwin Drake
Definition
an American oil driller, popularly credited with being the first to drill for oil in the United States.
Term
Laissez Faire
Definition
a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering
Term
Entrepreneur
Definition
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
Term
Alexander Graham Bell
Definition
United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922)
Term
Thomas Edison
Definition
United States inventor; inventions included the phonograph and incandescent electric light and the microphone and the Kinetoscope
Term
Morrill Tariff
Definition
The Morrill Tariff of 1861 was an American protective tariff law adopted on March 2, 1861 during the Buchanan Administration and signed
Term
Time zone
Definition
an area or stretch of land having a particular characteristic
Term
land grant
Definition
a grant of public land, esp. to an institution, organization, or to particular groups of people.
Term
integrate
Definition
with another so that they become a whole
Term
Pacific Railway Act
Definition
The Pacific Railway Act of 1862 (12 Statutes at Large, 489), as enacted by the United States Congress, was approved and signed into law by the President, Abraham Lincoln
Term
Grenville Dodge
Definition
was a Union army officer on the frontier and during the Civil War, a U.S. Congressman, businessman, and railroad executive who helped construct the Transcontinental Railroad.
Term
Leland Stanford
Definition
Stanford: United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University
Term
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Definition
Vanderbilt: United States financier who accumulated great wealth from railroad and shipping businesses
Term
Jay Gould
Definition
United States financier who gained control of the Erie Canal and who caused a financial panic in 1869 when he attempted to corner the gold marke
Term
Credit Mobilier
Definition
Officials of the Union Pacific Railroad created a fake construction company, called the Credit Mobilier, in order to cheat the government out of money allotted to the construction of the Union Pacific Railroads. Grant’s vice-president, Colfax, was linked to this scandal.
Term
James J. Hill
Definition
was a Canadian-American railroad executive. He was the chief executive officer of a family of lines headed by the Great Northern Railway, which served a substantial area of the Upper Midwest
Term
corporation
Definition
a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law
Term
stock
Definition
the goods or merchandise kept on the premises of a business or warehouse and available for sale or distribution.
Term
economies of scale
Definition
a proportionate saving in costs gained by an increased level of production.
Term
pool
Definition
a small area of still water, typically one formed naturally.
Term
vertical integration
Definition
the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies.
Term
horizontal integration
Definition
absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level
Term
monopoly
Definition
the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
Term
trust
Definition
firm belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or strength of someone or something.
Term
holding company
Definition
a company created to buy and possess the shares of other companies, which it then controls.
Term
Andrew Carnegie
Definition
Carnegie: United States industrialist and philanthropist who endowed education and public libraries and research trusts
Term
John D. Rockefeller
Definition
John Davison Rockefeller (July 8, 1839 – May 23, 1937) was an American oil magnate. Rockefeller revolutionized the petroleum industry and defined the structure of modern philanthropy
Term
deflation
Definition
the action or process of deflating or being deflated.
Term
trade union
Definition
an organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests
Term
industrial union
Definition
a union whose members all work in various capacities in a single industry.
Term
black list
Definition
a list or register of persons who, for one reason or another, are being denied a particular privilege, service, mobility
Term
lockout
Definition
the exclusion of employees by their employer from their place of work until certain terms are agreed to.
Term
arbitration
Definition
the use of an arbitrator to settle a dispute.
Term
injunction
Definition
an authoritative warning or order.
Term
closed shop
Definition
a place of work where membership in a union is a condition for being hired and for continued employment.
Term
Marxism
Definition
the political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, later developed by their followers to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism.
Term
Knights of Labor
Definition
The Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor, best known simply as the Knights of Labor (K of L), was the largest and one of the most important American labor organizations of the 19th Century.
Term
American Federation of Labor
Definition
a federation of North American labor unions that merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1955
Term
Samuel Gompers
Definition
United States labor leader (born in England) who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1886 to 1924
Term
Gross National Product
Definition
the total value of goods produced and services provided by a country during one year
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