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Ch.4 Quiz & Test
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33
History
7th Grade
04/25/2011

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Cards

Term
civil liberties
Definition
freedoms we have to think and to act w/out gov. interference or fear of unfair treatment.
Term
censorship
Definition
cannot ban printed materials or films merely because they contain alarming or offensive ideas
Term
petition
Definition
is simply a formal request
Term
slander
Definition
spreading spoken lies is a crime called _____
Term
libel
Definition
lies that are printed
Term
search warrant
Definition
if law enforcement officers believe that you committed a crime, they can ask a judge to issue a __________
Term
indictment
Definition
a formal charge by a group of citizens
Term
grand jury
Definition
who review the evidence against the accused
Term
double jeopardy
Definition
people who are accused of a crime and judged not guilty may not be put on trial again for the same crime
Term
due process
Definition
means following established legal procedures
Term
eminent domain
Definition
is the right of the gov. to take private property - usually land - for public use.
Term
bail
Definition
is a sum of money used as a security deposit
Term
suffrage
Definition
the right to vote (African Americans)
Term
poll taxes
Definition
required voters to pay a sum of money before casting a ballot.
Term
discrimination
Definition
unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group.
Term
segregation
Definition
social separation of the races was known as _________
Term
civil rights
Definition
the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law
Term
affirmative action
Definition
programs to try to make up for past discrimination
Term
racial profiling
Definition
being singled out as suspects because of the way they look
Term
What # Amendments protect the rights of accused?
Definition
4th Amendment, 5th Amendment, 6th Amendment, 8th Amendment
Term
4th amendment
Definition
No unreasonable search + seizure. Law enforcement needs search warrant b4 searching your home. Must convince the judge that there is evidence in the house.
Term
6th Amendment
Definition
People must be informed of what crimes they are accused of. All citizen is entitled to a trial by jury. Every citizen is entitled to a speedy and public trial.
Term
8th amendment
Definition
No excessive bail is allowed, the punishment must fit the crime. No excessive fines. No cruel + unusual punishment - the punishment must fit crime
Term
5th Amendment
Definition
indictment and a grand jury must be provided to citizens. A citizen cannot be put on trial for the same crime twice - double jeopardy. Every citizen is entitled to due process. eminent domain. The Gov. can take your property for public use for a fair price.
Term
1st amendment
Definition
freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, petition
Term
2nd amendment
Definition
right of all individual citizens to keep + bear arms w/out interference from gov. (well-regulated militia)
Term
3rd amendment
Definition
in peacetime, soldiers may not move into private homes w/out consent of home owner.
Term
7th amendment
Definition
civil cases - law suits disagreement between people. right to jury trial in federal courts to property worth more than 20 million dollars. (Not crime)
Term
9th amendment
Definition
all other rights not spelled out in constitution are retained by the people and states (more rights, beyond constitution)
Term
10th amendment
Definition
states any powers constitution doesn't specifically give to the national gov. are reserved for states/people. Federal gov limited to only powers in constitution.
Term
What are the 5 freedoms of 1st amendment
Definition
Religion, speech, press, assembly, petition
Term
What are the 3 limits of the First amendment:
Definition
1. you do not have the right to provoke a riot > Clear + Present Danger
2. Slander is illegal - spreading lies that would harm a person's reputation. Libel is if those lies are printed.
3. The rights of an individual must be balanced against the rights of others + the rights of the community. If there is a conflict, the community always wins.
Term
What is the bill of rights? (5)
Definition
1)Bill of rights is the first 10 amendments to the Constitution.
2) Bill of rights protect our civil liberties.
3) The first 8 amendment list our personal freedoms such as speech and rights when accused of crime.
4) 9th and 10th deal with rights not specifically listed in constitution.
5)Native, African, and woman Americans excluded from original bill of rights.
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