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Ch.2
N/A
67
Biology
11th Grade
01/12/2012

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term



Observation

Definition
The use of al five sences to gather and record information about the natural world
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Data

Definition
Recorded observations
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inference

Definition
A logical conclusion based on very little data
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Quantitive Data

Definition
data that consits of measurments
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Qualitive Data

Definition
Data that describes actions colors and other charcteristics
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Phenomenon

Definition
Any event or object in the natural world
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Generalization

Definition
Ageneral conclusion based on observation and supported by data
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Hypothesis

Definition
a suggested, testable answer to a well defined scientific question
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Prediction

Definition
A proposed outcome based on a hypothesis
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Experiment

Definition
a procedure designed to test the validity of a hypothesis
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Variable

Definition
factor or condition that could affect th experiment
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Experimental Group

Definition
A set that has the correct conditions for the hypothesis
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Control Group

Definition
Same as experimental group but with oppisite conditions
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Controlled Experiment

Definition
An experiment with only one varible
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Matter

Definition
Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Term

 

 

 

Element

Definition
A pure substance that can not be broken down into other substances by chemical means.
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Trace Element

Definition
Any element that makes up less than 0.01% of the mass of a living organism but is critical to the health of the organism.
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Compound

Definition
A substance containing two or more different elements that are chemically combined together.
Term

 

 

 

Atom

 

Definition
The simplest particle of an element that retains all the properties of that element.
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Proton

Definition
A subatomic particle with a single unit of positive electric charge
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Electron

Definition
A subatomic particle with a single unit of negative electric charge
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Neutron

Definition
A subatomic particle that has no charge
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Nucleus

Definition
The central core of an atom that containsprotons and neutrons
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Atomic Number

Definition
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
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Isotope

Definition
One of several forms of an element, each containing the same number of protons in their atoms but a different number of neutrons.
Term

 

 

 

Radioactive Isotope

Definition
An isotope in which the nucleus decays (breaks down) over time, giving off radiation in the form of matter and energy.
Term

 

 

 

Polar Molecule

Definition
A molecule in which opposite ends have opposite electric charges
Term

 

 

 

Hydrogen Bond

Definition
A bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another molecule.
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Cohesion

Definition
A tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick to one another
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Adhesion

Definition
An attraction between unlike molecules.
Term

 

 

 

Solution

Definition
A uniform mixture of two or more substances.
Term

 

 

 

Solvent

Definition
The part of a solution that dissolves the other substance and is present in the greater amount
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Solute

Definition
The part of a solution that is dissolved and is present in a lesser amount
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Aqueous Solution

Definition
A solution in which water is the solvent.
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Acid

Definition
A compound that donates H+ ions to an aqueous solution and measures less than 7 on the pH scale.
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Base

Definition
A compound that removes H+ ions from an aqueous solution and that measures more than 7 on the pH scale.
Term
Buffer
Definition
A substance that maintains a fairly constant pH in a solution by accepting H+ ions when their levels rise and donating H+ ions when their levels fall.
Term
Organic Molecule
Definition
A molecule built upon a framework of carbon atoms.
Term
Inorganic Molecule
Definition
A non-carbon based molecule.
Term
Hydrocarbon
Definition
A class of organic molecule composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Term
Functional Group
Definition
A group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways.
Term
Hydrophilic
Definition
(Water Loving) A molecule that is attracted to water molecules.
Term
Hydrophobic
Definition
(Water Fearing) A molecule that repelled by water molecules.
Term
Monomer
Definition
A small molecular unit that is the building block of a larger molecule.
Term
Polymer
Definition
A molecule consisting of a long chain of smaller molecular units (monomers).
Term
Glycogen
Definition
A polysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers.
Term
Cellulose
Definition
A polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell walls.
Term
Lipid
Definition
One of a class of water-avoiding (hydrophobic) compounds.
Term
Fat
Definition
An organic compound consisting of a three-carbon backbone (glycerol) attached to three fatty acids.
Term
Saturated Fat
Definition
A fat in which all three fatty acid chains contain no double bonds and hold the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms.

Unsaturated fats contain double bonds in the carbon chains of the fatty acids.
Term
Steroid
Definition
A lipid molecule with four fused carbon rings.
Term
Cholesterol
Definition
A steroid molecule present in the plasma membranes of animal cells.
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
A class of organic compounds that stores and carries important information used for cell function.
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
A building block monomer of nucleic acid polymers.
Term
Nitrogenous Base
Definition
A nucleotide composed of a single or double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms with attached functional groups.
Term
Pentose
Definition
A 5-carbon sugar based on a ring-shaped framework.
Term
Ribose
Definition
The pentose found in the bases that make up RNA.
Term
Deoxyribose
Definition
The pentose found in the bases that make up DNA.
Term
Pyrimidines
Definition
Family of nitrogenous based on a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
Term
Purines
Definition
Family of nitrogenous based on a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
Term
Double Helix
Definition
Term that describes the structure of DNA which consists of two strands of nucleotides wound about each other.
Term
Complementary Base Pairs
Definition
Nucleotide bases that must pair with each other in nucleic acids.
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