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Ch 2
Basic Chemistry
39
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/18/2011

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Cards

Term
What are the 6 elements that make up 95% of the weight of all living things?
Definition
CHONPS(Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur)
Term
How many protons are in one atom of oxygen?
Definition
8
Term
If an isotope of carbon has a mass number of 14 how many neutrons are in this isotope?
Definition
8
Term
How many electrons does one atom of Nitrogen have in the second shell?
Definition
5
Term
Which subatomic particles are located inside the nucleus of an atom?
Definition
Protons and Nuetrons
Term
Will sodium gain or lose an electron(s) to meet the octet rule?
Definition
Lose
Term
Which type of bond involves electrons being shared between atoms?
Definition
Covalent
Term
Water has a relatively low heat capacity compared to other substances? T/F?
Definition
False
Term
The pH of blood is ____ than 7.0?
Definition
Greater than
Term
Does water have a low surface tension?
Definition
No
Term
One water molecule is attracted to another water molecule through?
Definition
Hydrogen bonding
Term
Electrons shared equally in a single covalent bond result in what type of a covalent bond?
Definition
Nonpolar
Term
Define Matter
Definition
Anything that takes up space and has mass.
Term
Define Elements
Definition
Basic substances that make up living and non living things
Term
What is the smallest portion of an element that retains the characteristics of that element?
Definition
Atom
Term
The atomic number represents the number of ?
Definition
Protons
Term
The mass number represents the number of?
Definition
Protons + Nuetrons
Term
Define Isotope
Definition
Atoms of the same element with different number of nuetrons
Term
How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?
Definition
2
Term
How many electrons can the 2nd and 3rd shell of an atom hold?
Definition
8
Term
Octet rule
Definition
When atoms(besides hydrogen) react with other atoms to have and outer shell of 8 electrons
Term
Ionic bond
Definition
an Attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Term
What happens to ionic bonds in water?
Definition
They dissolve
Term
What types of atoms for ionic bonds?
Definition
Metals
Term
If one atom in a covalent bond is much larger and attracts the electrons of the bond toward itself the resulting covalent bond is?
Definition
Polar
Term
Generally what atoms form covalent bonds?
Definition
Nonmetals
Term
What type of bond is an attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen to a slightly negative hydrogen?
Definition
Hydrogen Bond
Term
Would one hydrogen bond be weak?
Definition
Yes
Term
Which compounds can dissolve in water?
Definition
Ionic(salt) and polar(ethanol)
Term
Hydrophyllic?
Definition
Attracts water
Term
Hydrophobic?
Definition
Repels water, they are nonionized and nonpolar.
Term
The ability of water molecules to cling to each other is due to hydrogen bonding what is this called?
Definition
Cohesion
Term
Ability of Hydrogen molecules to cling to other polar surfaces is called?
Definition
Adhesion
Term
Solutions that have a pH less than 7 are?
Definition
More Acidic
Term
Solutions that have a pH more than 7 are?
Definition
More Basic
Term
What is the chemical/combo of chemicals that keep pH in normal limits called?
Definition
Buffer
Term
What type of covalent bond exists between 1 carbon and 1 flourine atom?
Definition
Single
Term
What type of covalent bond exists between 2 Nitrogen atoms?
Definition
Triple
Term
What type of covalent bond exists between 1 oxygen atom and 1 carbon atom?
Definition
Double
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