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Ch.15 Vocab
chem
25
Chemistry
Not Applicable
05/03/2005

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Term
Boiling Point Elevation
Definition
Temp. Difference between a Solutions Boiling point and pure solvents boiling point
Term
Brownian Motion
Definition
Jerky, random, rapid movements of colloid particles that results from collisions of particles of the dispersion medium with the dispersed particles
Term
Colligative Property
Definition
Physical property of a solution that depends on the number, but not identity, of dissolved solute particles, EX: Vapor Pressure Lowering, Boiling Point Elevation, Osmotic Pressure, and Freezing Point Depression
Term
Colloid
Definition
Hetergeneous mixtures containing particles larger than solution particles but smaller than suspension particles that are categorized according to the phases of their dispersed particles and dispersing mediums
Term
Concentration
Definition
quantitative measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution
Term
Freezing Point Depression
Definition
difference in temperature between a solutions freezing point and the freezing point of its pure solvent
Term
Heat of Solution
Definition
overall energy change that occurs during the solution formation process
Term
Henry's Law
Definition
states that at a given temperature the solutility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid
Term
Immiscible
Definition
describes 2 liquids that can be mixed together but seperate shortly after you cease mixing them
Term
Insoluble
Definition
describes a substance that cannot be dissolved in a given solvent
Term
Miscible
Definition
describes 2 liquids that are soluble in each other
Term
Molarity
Definition
number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution, also known as molar concentration
Term
Molality
Definition
Ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kilogram of solvent, also known as molal concentration
Term
Mole Fraction
Definition
ration of the number of moles of solute in solution to the total number of moles of solute and solvent
Term
Osmosis
Definition
diffusion of solvent particles across a semiperameable membrane from an area of higher solvent concentration to an area of lower solvent concentration
Term
Solubility
Definition
contains maximum amount of dissolved solute for a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure
Term
Osmotic Pressure
Definition
The additional pressure needed to reverse osmosis
Term
Saturated Solution
Definition
Contains maximum amount of dissolved solute for a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure
Term
Soluble
Definition
describes substance that can be dissolved in a given solvent
Term
Solvation
Definition
process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution; occurs only where and when the solute and solvent particles come in contact with each other
Term
Supersaturated Solution
Definition
Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature
Term
Suspension
Definition
a type of heterogeneous mixture whose particles settle out over time and can be separated from the mixture by filtration
Term
Tyndall Effect
Definition
The scattering of light by colloidal particles
Term
Unsaturated Solution
Definition
Contains less Dissolved solute for a given temperature and pressure than a saturated solution, has further capacity to hold more solute.
Term
Vapor Pressure Lowering
Definition
The lowering of vapor pressure of a solvent by the addition of a nonvolatile solute to the solvent
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