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Ch 14 Vocab
Ch 14 Vocab
26
Biology
10th Grade
11/18/2012

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Term
habitat
Definition
the place where an organism usually lives
Term
Ecological niche
Definition
In ecology, a niche is a term describing the relational position of a species or population in an ecosystem.
Term
competitive exclusion
Definition
the exclusion of one species by another due to competition
Term
ecological equivalent
Definition
species that occupy similar niches in different geographical regions
Term
competition
Definition
the relationship between two species (or individuals) in which both species (or individuals) attempt to use the same limited resource such that both are negatively affected by the relationship
Term
predation
Definition
an interaction between two species in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the prey
Term
symbiosis
Definition
a relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with each other
Term
mutualism
Definition
a relationship between two species in which both species benefit
Term
commensalism
Definition
a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Term
parasitism
Definition
a relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species, the host, which is harmed
Term
population density
Definition
the number of individuals of the same species that live in a given unit of area
Term
Population dispersion
Definition
The spatial distribution at any particular moment of the individuals of a species of plant or animal.
Term
survivorship curve
Definition
A survivorship curve is a graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving at each age for a given species or group
Term
immigration
Definition
the movement of an individual or a group to a new community or region
Term
emigration
Definition
the movement of an individual or group out of its native area
Term
exponential growth
Definition
logarithmic growth, or growth in which numbers increase by a certain factor in each successive time period
Term
logistic growth
Definition
population growth that starts with a minimum number of individuals and reaches a maximum depending on the carrying capacity of the region; described by an S-shaped curve
Term
carrying capacity
Definition
the largest population that an environment can support at any given time
Term
population crash
Definition
A sudden population decline caused by predation, waste accumulation, or resource depletion
Term
limiting factor
Definition
an environmental factor that prevents an organism or population from reaching its full potential of distribution or activity
Term
density-dependent factor
Definition
a variable affected by the number of organisms present in a given area
Term
density-independent factor
Definition
a variable that affects a population regardless of the population density, such as climate
Term
succession
Definition
the replacement of one type of community by another at a single location over a period of time
Term
primary succession
Definition
succession that begins in an area that previously did not support life
Term
pioneer species
Definition
a species that colonizes an uninhabited area and that starts an ecological cycle in which many other species become established
Term
secondary succession
Definition
the process by which one community replaces another community that has been partially or totally destroyed
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