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CH 13 Science notes abridged
abridged
32
Science
8th Grade
11/25/2012

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Cards

Term
What is the ability to cause change?
Definition
energy
Term
What is the energy an object has due to its motion?
Definition
kinetic energy
Term
What is the energy stored in an object because of its posistion?
Definition
potential energy
Term
The potential energy of an object is greater if it is what?
Definition
higher above the floor
Term
What does potential energy depend on?
Definition
mass- the more mass an object has, the more potential energy it has
Term
Thermal energy released by chemical reactions comes from another form of energy called what?
Definition
chemical energy
Term
What is the energy stored in chemical bonds?
Definition
chemical energy
Term
What is the energy carried by light called?
Definition
radiant energy
Term
What is the electric current that comes out of batteries and wall sockets?
Definition
electrical energy
Term
What do nuclear powerplants use?
Definition
the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom to generated electricity
Term
Ever what contains energy that can be transformed into other forms of energy?
Definition
atomic nucleus
Term
According to what, energy is never created or destroyed?
Definition
law of conservation of energy
Term
What only moves from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature?
Definition
thermal energy
Term
What is a device that transforms kinetic energy into electrical energy?
Definition
generator
Term
When does chemical energy change into thermal energy?
Definition
when something burns
Term
When does electrical energy change into thermal energy?
Definition
when a wire that is carving an electric current goes hot
Term
What are the 2 sources that Earth recieves energy from?
Definition
the sun and radioactive atoms in Earth's interior
Term
What are fossil fuels?
Definition
coal, oil, and natural gas
Term
What were made from the remains of microscopic organisms that lived in Earth's oceans millions of years ago?
Definition
oil and natural gas
Term
What was formed by similar process from the remains of ancient plans that once lived on land?
Definition
coal
Term
What is a nonrenewable resource?
Definition
an energy source that is used up much faster than it can be replaced
Term
What are nonrenewable resources?
Definition
fossil fuels
Term
What is the larges renewable source of energy?
Definition
hydroelectricity
Term
What is a renewable resource?
Definition
an energy source that is replenished continually
Term
What do alternative resources include?
Definition
solar energy, wind, and gothermal energy
Term
Because the sun will go on producing an enormous amount of energy for billions of years, the sun is what?
Definition
an inexhaustable source of energy
Term
What is an inexhaustable resource?
Definition
an energy source that can't be used up by humans
Term
What is a device that transforms radiant energy directly into electrical energy?
Definition
a photovotaic
Term
What is one way to make the supply of fossil fuels last longer?
Definition
to use less energy
Term
What is reducing the use of energy called?
Definition
conserving energy
Term
the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the particles in a material?
Definition
thermal energy
Term
What are the two key components of kinetic energy?
Definition
speed and mass
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