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CGS 2100C Computer Fund of Bus
Test 1
58
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
09/25/2007

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Cards

Term
RAM (Random Access Memory)
Definition
temporary holding area for data, application program instructions, and the operating system
Term
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
Definition
type of memory circuitry that holds the computer’s startup routine
(Permanent and non-volatile)
Term
virtual memory
Definition
can be used if an application runs out of allocated RAM
Term
Cache
Definition
special high-speed memory that allows a microprocessor to access data more rapidly than from memory located elsewhere on the system board
Term
mainframe
Definition
a large and expensive computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users
Term
supercomputer
Definition
one of the fastest computers in the world
Term
server
Definition
supplies data to computers on a network
Term
client
Definition
requests data from a server
Term
Digitization
Definition
process of converting text, numbers, sound, photos, and video into data that can be processed by digital devices (photos-maps of dots)
Term
Desktop publishing software/word processing software
Definition
Assists you with composing, editing, designing, printing, and electronically publishing documents
Term
Networked economy has
Definition
changed the way we do business by leveling the playing field
Term
Hoax
Definition
refers to a virus that does not really exist
Term
blended threat malware
Definition
many malicious programs that attack together
Term
Magnetic Technology
Definition
stores data by magnetizing microscopic particles on the disk or tape surface
Term
Optical storage
Definition
stores data as microscopic light and dark spots on the disk surface
(CD and DVD storage technologies)
Term
Solid state storage
Definition
stores data in an erasable, rewritable circuitry (Non-volatile/Card reader may be required to read data on solid state storage)
Term
Web
Definition
a collection of linked documents, graphics, and sounds that can be accessed over the Internet
Term
Internet
Definition
a global computer network originally developed as a military project, then handed over to the NSF for research and academic use.
Term
Convergence
Definition
a process by which several technologies with distinct functionalities evolve to form a single product; tends to offer enhanced functionality and convenience
Term
ASCII
Definition
7-bit character encoding (128 characters)
Term
EBCDIC
Definition
8-bit character encoding used on IBM mainframe operating systems (256 characters)
Term
Unicode
Definition
16-bit character encoding (65,000 characters)
Term
stored program
Definition
allows you to switch between tasks and distinguishes the computer from other devices.
Term
authentication protocol
Definition
any method confirms a person’s identity
Term
User ID
Definition
the name on an account that requires a password
Term
Trojans
Definition
computer programs that seem to perform one funtion while actually doing something else (keylogger/RAT)
Term
worm
Definition
self-replicating program designed to carry out some unauthorized activity on a victim's computer
Term
virus
Definition
a set of program instructions that attaches itself to a file, reproduces itself, and spreads to other files;

corrupt files, destroy data, display an irritating message, or otherwise disrupt computer operations
Term
bombs
Definition
Viruses that deliver their payloads on a specific date
Term
Parallel processing
Definition
the simultaneous use of more than one processor to execute a program
Term
Co-processing
Definition
supplements the functions of the CPU
Term
Dual core processor
Definition
single chip containing the circuitry for 2 microprocessors
Term
HT processing
Definition
circuitry that enables a single processor to simulate two processors
Term
software license
Definition
a legal contract that defines the ways in which you use a computer program
Term
EULA (End User License Agreement)
Definition
displayed on-screen when you first install software
Term
Malware
Definition
program or set of program instructions that surreptitiously enter a computer and disrupt its normal operation
Term
microprocessor (processor)
Definition
an integrated circuit designed to process instructions
Term
word size
Definition
number of bits that a microprocessor can manipulate at one time
Term
ROM BIOS
Definition
tells the computer how to access the hard disk, find the operating system, and load it into RAM
Term
system software
Definition
to help the computer system monitor itself in order to function efficiently
Term
Application software
Definition
a set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task
Term
spreadsheet cell references
Definition
the column letter and row number that designate the location of a worksheet cell
Term
automatic recalculation
Definition
automatically recalculates every formula after a user makes a change to any cell
Term
Examples of graphics suites:
Definition
Adobe Creative, Macromedia Studio MX and CorelDRAW Graphics
Term
DTP frames
Definition
you customize your document and control the position of different items on it
Term
Application software contains
Definition
a jumpstart program that guides you through the installation process.
Term
SQL (Structured Query Language)
Definition
provides a set of commands for locating and manipulating data.
-Natural language query
-Query by example
Term
user interface
Definition
the combination of hardware and software that helps people and computers communicate with each other
Term
example of operating system for a PDA
Definition
Windows CE
Term
Pipelining
Definition
allows a processor to begin executing an instruction before completing the previous instruction
Term
Drive letter
Definition
C:\
Term
primary folder
Definition
C:\My Music
Term
filename
Definition
C:\My Music\Reggae\Marley One Love
Term
filename extension
Definition
.mp3
Term
LCD
Definition
manipulates light within a layer of liquid crystal cells
Term
Plasma
Definition
illuminates lights arranged in a panel-like screen
Term
cluster
Definition
a group of sectors/the hard disk’s smallest addressable unit;
A file that does not fit into a single cluster spills over into the next contiguous cluster unless that cluster already contains data.
Term
Checksum
Definition
the sum of all bytes of a given file and is used by the antivirus software to detect the presence of a virus infecting the file
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