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Cell Strucutre and Function
Vocabulary from Chapter 1 of Prentice Hall Science Explorer
17
Science
8th Grade
08/26/2010

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Term
Cell
Definition
The basic unit of structure and function in living things.
Term
Microscope
Definition
An instrument that makes small objects look larger.
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.
Term
Organelle
Definition
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell.
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
A cell structure that contorls which substances can enter or leave the cells.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
A cell structure that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct all the cell's activities.
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; in organisms without a nucleus, the region locted inside the cell membrane.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
Rod-shaped cell structures that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out is functions.
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
Term
Ribosome
Definition
A small grain-like struccture in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made.
Term
Golgi body
Definition
A structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
A structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food.
Term
Vacuole
Definition
A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
A small, round cell structure containing chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones.
Term
Element
Definition
Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Term
Compound
Definition
Two or more elements that are chemically combined.
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