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Cell Cycle Regulation
Control points in the cell cycle and cancer
13
Biology
9th Grade
03/17/2012

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Term
Checkpoint
Definition
Point in the cell cycle where a cell pauses to make sure everything is proceeding correctly
Term
Restriction point
Definition
The first checkpoint at the end of G1. If the cell passes through this checkpoint, it will go on and divide
Term
G0
Definition
Non-dividing state; cells that do not pass the first checkpoint or restriction point fall into this non-dividing state
Term
Second checkpoint
Definition
Occurs at the beginning of G2; it makes sure that all of the chromosomes have been copied correctly
Term
Third checkpoint
Definition
Occurs during metaphase; makes sure that every sister chromatid has a spindle fiber attached to it.
Term
Tumor
Definition
Mass of cells formed by uncontrolled cell growth
Term
Benign tumor
Definition
A harmless tumor; it does not spread
Term
Cancer
Definition
Uncontrolled cell growth due to a failure in the regulation of the cell cycle
Term
Metastasis
Definition
The spread of a cancerous tumor to another location in the body
Term
Carcinogen
Definition
A substance that can cause cancer
Term
Examples of known carcinogens
Definition
Certain chemicals like those in tobacco smoke, radiation like X-rays and UV light, random mutations in DNA, some genes
Term
Apoptosis
Definition
Programmed cell death
Term
Example of apoptosis
Definition
The programmed loss of webbing between your fingers and toes during fetal development.
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