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CDC II Final Pain/Fibromyalgia
Chronic Pain/Fibromyalgia
23
Nursing
Graduate
04/28/2011

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Cards

Term
Chronic Pain
Definition
greater than 6 months
pain never resolves, rises, and falls
Term
Nociceptors
Definition
produced over years - collection of chemicals toxins in an area
Term
CNS r/t pain
Definition
sends pain signal to brain
Term
autonomic nervous system r/t pain
Definition
feedback response
Term
Purpose of pain
Definition
to alert body that something's wrong; immediate response is to remove body from pain source (works with acute pain)
Term
pain cycle
Definition
physical changes in body to pain over time
Term
Why do people react differently to pain?
Definition
different pain threshold, background experience, number of meds, patient's reaction to child's pain/parent's pain
Term
How does the body control pain?
Definition
reaction in pathway, chemical release from brain to deaden the pain (increase serotonin)
Term
What makes pain feel worse?
Definition
levels of stress and anxiety, hormone imbalance, PMS time
Term
What can block pain signals?
Definition
meds affecting different levels of pathway, also lido. patch
Term
Acute pain
Definition
sudden, less than 6 months
Term
Basis of Acupuncture
Definition
increased energy through these pathways to help heal the organ
Term
Phantom Pain
Definition
Still feels pain in the missing limb. A person can feel phantom pain because the location part of the cortex does not change significantly after an amputation.
Term
How do opiates relieve pain?
Definition
blocks pain signals that have already entered the CNS: prevents the transfer of pain signals to the dorsal horn
Term
Compounded Formulas
Definition
-can mix almost anything in combination
-less side effects
-great for elderly, mix any dosages
-expensive, insurances frequently do not cover
Term
intrathecals, epidural
Definition
-turns off pain signal directly at the spinal cord
-intrathecal-injected at the spinal fluid surrounding the spinal cord
Term
Non-pharmacologic Mgmt
Definition
-ROM
-Healthy Spine stretching and strengthening
-posture correction
-hot and cold therapies
-assistive devices
-surgery - always last choice, 50-60% spine surgery fails
-Electrical Stimulation and TENS
-Ultrasound
-Massage
-Accupuncture
-Chiropractic Treatment
-Psychological Interventions
Term
Managing Chronic Pain
Definition
-meds other than opioids
-long-acting opioids - methodone, contins
-nutrition - high protein, avoid sugar and simple starches, small frequent meals
-avoid stimulants, processed foods
-sleep is critical
-vitamins - super B
Term
Fibromyalgia
Definition
-pain
-fatigue
-depression
-insomnia
Term
Cause of Fibromyalgia
Definition
emotional, physical, sexual trauma, hormones, poor posture or fitness, smoking
Term
Treatment of Fibromyalgia
Definition
-Address causes
-does not respond well to opioids
-tricyclics, savella, snri's, ssri's, nsaids
-counseling, psych, relaxation, yoga, tai, coping
-hormone replacement
-keep them moving
Term
Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Definition
-difft from fibromyalgia
-arises from trigger points, not tender points, reproducible pain
-better prognosis than fibromyalgia
-head forward posture, cerv, thor, lumb pain, bilateral headaches, difficulty standing for long periods, pain decreased at rest
Term
Treatment of Myofascial Syndrome
Definition
-tricyclics, TPI's
-NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, anti-seiazure drugs
-biomechanical alignment
-relaxation, deep breathing
-myofascial release therapy
-lengthy treatment for this and fibromyalgia
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