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cardiovascular & pulmonary
Endocrine
14
Physiology
Graduate
03/26/2012

Additional Physiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Artery
Definition
transport blood from heart, carry fluid & blood underpressure
Term
Semilunar valves
Definition
Pulmonic right, aortic left
Term
semilunar valves open
Definition
when ventricular pressure is greater than aortic & pulmonic pressures
open during systole
Term
semilunar valves closed
Definition
during disatole as ventricules are filling
Term
Atrioventricular Valves
Definition
tricuspid right atrial & right ventricle
mitral/biscuspid left atrial & left ventricle
Term
Atrioventricular valves open
Definition
open during ventricular relaxation, all blood to go from atria to ventricles
Term
Atrioventricular valves close
Definition
close when pressure increases the valves close so that the ventricles can contract.
Term
S2 heart sound
Definition
occurs after the Twave & marks the beginning of diastole
Term
S1 heart sound
Definition
corresponds with closure of the mitral & triscupid valves during systole. Occurs at the sametime as the QRS complex & marks the beginning of systole.
Term
P wave
Definition
atrial depolarization
Term
LDL oxidation
Definition
1)LDL enter intima thru intact endotheluim
2)Intimal LDL is oxidized into proinflammatory lipids
3)Oxidized LDL causes adhesion & entry of monocytes & T lymphocytes across endothelium
4)Monocytes differentiate into macrophages & then consume large amts. of LDL, transforming into foam cells.
5)foam cells release growth factors (cytokines) that encourage atherosclerosis.
Term
Stable Angina
Definition
chronic coronary obstruction, recurrent, predictable chest pain. Last 3-5 minutes
pain caused by build up lactic acid or abnormal stretching of myocardium & irritates myocardial fibers, C3-T4, pallor, diaphoresis, dyspnea, pain relieved by rest, nitrates
Term
Prinzmetal Angina
Definition
abnormal vasospasms of coronary vessels, chest pain unpredictable, transient ischemia of myocardium, almost exclusive occurs @ rest. pain caused by l or more major coronary artery spasms, with or without atherosclerosis, pain usually occurs @ noc during REM, cyclic pattern of occurance. Results of hyperactivity of SNS & increased calcium reflux in arteroles of small muscles, or impaired production of serotonin, thrombaxane, histamine, endothelin.
Term
silent ischemia
Definition
nonspecific symptoms: fatigue, feeling of unease, dyspnea.
Lack of sympathetic innervation: surgery, diabetes, previous MI
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