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cardiac drugs
Test 3 (Madison Note Cards)
22
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/29/2016

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Term
what causes the heart to 'ache'?
(angina)
Definition
when o2 and nutrients in blood is insufficient

increase blood flow to fix this issue.
Term
what ischemia?
Definition
when heart doesn't receive enough o2
Term
what atherosclerosis?
Definition
fat in arterial walls
- leads to CAD which may lead to MI
Term
myocardial infarction
Definition
heart attack
necrosis/death of cardiac tissue
-O2 needs stat attention
Term
what is the primary cause of chronic stable angina?
Definition
atherosclerosis
Term
what is an early sign of coronary artery disease?
Definition
unstable angina
-leads to MI
Term
when does vasospastic angina occur?
Definition
@ rest
no primary cause
decrease demand, increase supply
Term
what should you do at first sing of chest pain?
Definition
sit
lie down
rest
that way your heard doesn't demand as much O2
Term
which form/route of nitrate drugs bypass the liver and 1st pass effects?
Definition
sublingual
IV
patches
sprays
Term
nitrates/ites
Definition
angina tx
multiple routes
cause vasodilation
blood flows to ischemic area to increase O2
long acting forms are angina prevention
Term
example nitrate meds
Definition
Nitroglycerin
isoorbide dinitrate
isosorbid mononitrate
Term
adverse effects of nitrates
Definition
headache
reflex tachycardia
postural hypotensions
tolerance
-may need nitrate free period (to avoid tolerance)
Term
dont use nitrates if?
Definition
severe anemia
hypotension
head injury
if pt uses ED drugs
Term
what can beta-blockers treat
Definition
angina
MI
hypertension
dysrhythmias

*off label-migraines
Term
what is the common suffix for beta blocker meds
Definition
olol
Term
how do beta blockers work?
Definition
block beta 1 heart receptors
decrease hr
decreas myocardial O2 demand
increase O2 to heart
decrease demand

*improve survival after MI
Term
when should beta blockers not be used?
Definition
systolic HF
conduction disturbances
bronchial asthma
DM
PVD- peripheral/vascular diesease
Term
what can beta blockers cause
Definition
bradycardia
increase, decrease blood sugar
wheezing
dizzy
fatigue
Term
what do calcium channel blockers do?
Definition
coronary/artery vasodilation
peripheral arterial "
decrease heart workload
decrease O2 demand
Term
what are CCB used for?
Definition
angina
hypertension
migraines
Raynaud's
Term
when should CCB nto be used
Definition
acute MI
AV block - 2nd/3rd degree
hypotension
Term
what side effect do CCB have?
Definition
*limited
hypotension
palpitations
tachycardia
bradycardia
constipation
nausea
dyspnea
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