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Canine Hip Sx
JJC Vet Tech 212
27
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 2
11/21/2014

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Cards

Term
CHD
Definition
Canine Hip Dysplasia
Term
What breed is the "poster child" for CHD? What other breeds get it?
Definition
**German Shepherd
-Rottweilers
-Retrievers
-English Bull Dogs (100% get it)
-Giant breeds like St. Bernard, Great Danes
-cats can get it too
Term
CHD predisposing factors
Definition
Heredity
-don't breed dogs w/bad hips
-OFA done at 2+ yrs

Rapid Growth
-lg breeds grow faster
-puppy foods for lg breeds best
Term
What is different about large breed puppy chow?
Definition
-lower protein and kcal
-dog grows slower on it
Term
Define "hip dysplasia:"
Definition
a loose/lax coxofemoral joint
Term
Is hip dysplasia the same thing as hip arthritis? DJD?
Definition
No, dysplasia just means looseness. Arthritis and DJD involve osteophyte formation, thickening of the femoral neck, etc
Term
Are dogs with hip dysplasia born that way?
Definition
No, born with solid hips, but joint loosens over time
Term
Owner Complaints and CS of CHD
Definition
-rear leg limping or short strides
-slow to get rear-end off floor and lie down
-lameness worse after getting up, then animal "warms" out of it
-difficulty climbing stairs or jumping
-day after exercise = bad
-cold damp days worst
-hocks knock together, may touch hocks to ground
-rear legs tucked under center of body, not wide stance
-(rear) may walk one foot in front of the other (tightrope-style)
-most pain when rear leg extended and abducted
-crepitation when DJD/arthritis set in
-subluxation on palpation, Ortolani's sign
Term
What is Ortolani's sign?
Definition
-thumb on greater trochanter of femur
-extend and abduct leg
-healthy hip: trochanter pushes thumb out
-dysplasia hip: trochanter slides over thumb
Term
The symptoms of hip dysplasia are similar to those of...
Definition
hip arthritis
Term
Why might a CHD dog walk tightrope-style, with one rear foot in front of the other?
Definition
abductor groin muscle contracts to stabilize hip joint, and pulling the leg in
Term
What is subluxation?
Definition
partial dislocation
Term
What is crepitation?
Definition
grating/crackling/popping feeling felt while palpating and moving a joint; signifies inflammation
-may feel like shammy over a Brillo pad
Term
Before extending and abducting the rear legs to check for CHD, what should you do? Where should your hand be when you do the rear legs?
Definition
-manipulate front legs first, to gauge animal's reaction
-then place hand over hip to feel for crepitation
Term
Describe a normal coxofemoral joint, an early CHD joint, and an older CHD/arthritis joint:
Definition
-Normal: more than 50% femoral head in acetabulum
-Young CHD: less than 50% femoral head in acetabulum
-Old CHD/arthritis: less than 50%, osteophyte formation, thickened femoral neck, misshapen femoral head, uneven gap between head and acetabulum, etc
Term
Anatomical changes of CHD seen on rad:
Definition
-acetabulum shallower ( < 50% femoral head in socket)
-flatter femoral head
-osteophytes on femur and acetabulum
-thicker femoral neck
-boxy femoral head
Term
What is an osteophyte?
Definition
bone spur
Term
What breed of cat is prone to CHD?
Definition
manx
Term
Diagnosing CHD:
Definition
OFA
-rads under anesthesia
-attempt to rad while popping femoral head out of acetabulum
-position must be perfect

Penn Hip criteria
-special certification
-rads under anesthesia
Term
Tx for CHD
Definition
MEDICAL
-anti-inflamms
-analgesics
-neutriceuticals= glucosamine, chondroitin

SURGERY
-pectinotomy (not preferred)
-TPO (Triple Pelvic Osteotomy)
-FHO (Femoral Head Ostectomy)
-THR (Total Hip Replacement)
Term
Examples of neutriceuticals:
Definition
-glucosamine, chondroitin
-Cosequin, Dasuquin
Term
Dr. K's recommendations for trying Cosequin/Dasuquin?
Definition
-Cosequin made of shark cartilage
-try 6wks on brand name
Term
Giving neutriceuticals should result in what?
Definition
-less bad days
-better gait
-easier time rising
-not avoiding stairs as much
Term
What is TPO?
Definition
Triple Pelvic Osteotomy
-done before DJD sets in
-pelvic Fx'd in 3 places and reset
-pelvis rotated
-acetabulum ends up more dorsal on femoral head
Term
TPO
Definition
-done in young dogs before DJD sets in
-pelvis Fx'd in 3 places, reset
-pelvis rotated
-acetabulum ends up more dorsal on femoral head
Term
FHO
Definition
-femoral head ostectomy
-"salvage procedure" = can be done at any age, typically when other conservation mngmt options have failed
-head of femur removed
-eliminates bone-on-bone pain
-can recover and walk near normal even when overweight
Term
THR
Definition
-total hip replacement
-artificial prosthetic implanted to replace socket and/or ball
-most expensive
-most like what humans get
-patients must meet certain criteria: not overweight, no cancer, no other illness, no neurologic problem
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