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Cancer Biology BIO346 Ch. 6
Chapter 6
16
Biology
Undergraduate 3
05/13/2012

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Term
basal cell carcinoma
Definition
account for 75% of all skin cancers. cause few deaths as they rarely metastasize. easy to detect.
Term
melanoma
Definition
arises in the pigmented cells. 5%. more dangerous because of there ability to metastasize--the tumor sometimes hasn't even been found yet.
Term
UV radiation
Definition
shortest wavelength componenent of sunlight. It has a lot of energy so it can inflict damage onto DNA.
Term
UVB
Definition
higher energy than UVA. responsible for carcinogenic properties of sunlight. most of it is absorbed by ozone in atmosphere
Term
chlorofluoracarbons
Definition
CFCs. used as refrigerants,etc. they react with and destroy ozone molecules.
Term
pyrimidine dimer
Definition
adjacent pyrimidines are covalently bonded via radiation.
Term
sunburn
Definition
reddening and peeling of the skin due to cell apoptosis--aka protection of our body to get rid of DNA damaged cells.
Term
melanin
Definition
family of brown pigments that are synthesized by melanocyte cells present in the skin.
Term
X-rays
Definition
EM radiation with wavelength shorter than UV. they can travel through body tissue except bone
Term
nuclear radiation
Definition
radiation emitted by radioactive element that come from unstable atomic nucleus.
Term
beta particles
Definition
electrons- negatively charged.
Term
gray (Gy)
Definition
describes how much energy is actually absorbed
Term
sievert (Sv)
Definition
unit for measuring the relative biological effectiveness.
Term
polonium
Definition
radioactive metal that forms tiny particles that may be inhaled and become lodged in person's lungs. decay causes alpha particles to form.
Term
free radical
Definition
any atom or molecule containing an unpaired electron.
Term
radiofrequency waves
Definition
RF. longer than microwaves. very little energy. ppl think that it causes brain cancer--proximity of cell phone to brain so often.
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