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Cancer Biology BIO346 Ch. 4
Chapter 4
12
Biology
Undergraduate 3
05/09/2012

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Term
p value
Definition
statistic that estimates the probability that an observed difference between 2 measurements would appear by chance.
Term
bias
Definition
systematic distortion of results in a certain direction caused by the failure to account for some influencing factor
Term
detection bias
Definition
when scientists fail to ensure that equivalent procedures are being used to measure cancer rates in the populations being compared.
Term
selection bias
Definition
error that arises when people volunteer nonrandomly for research studies.
Term
confounding
Definition
a factor that affects the risk of developing cancer and is linked in some way to the factor being investigated.
Term
prospective study
Definition
follow people into the future to see who will develop cancer
Term
dose-response relationship
Definition
risk of developing cancer increases in direct relationship to the amount of exposure to the agent being investigated.
Term
carcinogen
Definition
cancer-causing agents
Term
Ames test
Definition
uses bacteria that are unable to synthesize histidine. in present of carcinogen, their DNA is often mutated in such a way so that they begin forming histidine again.
Term
anticarcinogen
Definition
protect against development of cancer--in fruits and veggies.
Term
radiation
Definition
energy traveling through space. UV and nuclear radiation often cause cancer.
Term
Rous sarcoma virus
Definition
oncogenic virus that causes sarcomas in chickens.
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