Shared Flashcard Set

Details

BZ-214
Exam 2
69
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/06/2013

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Freshwater fish are _______ as compared to their environment.
Definition
hypersomolal
Term
the solubility of gases is ________ related to temperature.
Definition
inversely
Term
In fish gas exchanges occurs across the ____________ of the gills.
Definition
secondary lamellae
Term
which feature of osmoregulation is found only in freshwater bony fish?
Definition
active transport of salt through the gills
Term
placoid scales are common in which group
Definition
chondrichthyes
Term
extant sharks have which type of jaw attachment.
Definition
hyostilic (was none of the above on test)
Term
sharks have an extremely developed sensory system which they use to detect, approach and attack prey. The senses are used in which order.
Definition
chemoreception, mechanoreception, visual, electroreception.
Term
lecithotrophy refers to the condition where
Definition
the egg is retained inside the mother and the mother provides only gases and inorganic ions.
Term
which of the following DO NOT have a spiracle?
Definition
holocephali
teleosts
amphibians
lungfish
Term
Ovoviviparity is a term to describe ______.
Definition
eggs that hatch inside the mother and feed on the yolk and energy provided by the mother
Term
De-oxygenated blood flows through the heart, to the repiratory surfaces and then directly to the rest of the body in ________.
Definition
chondrichthyes and osteichthyes
Term
A three chambered heart is first found in _________ to accommodate their relatively high metabolic rates.
Definition
amphibians
Term
the fact that chondrichthyes and osteichthyes occupy similar ecological niches is evidence that the process of evolution is ________.
Definition
Random
Term
In marine fish chloride cells are found in the _____ and act to ____________.
Definition
gill, actively remove excess salts from the body
Term
Active fast endurance swimmers such as tunas have a larger percentage of _________ as compared to fast burst swimmers.
Definition
red slow oxidative muscle fibers
Term
Slow oxidative muscles use _____ and are ___ fatigue.
Definition
aerobic metabolism, resistant to
Term
the types of scales that can be found in modern bony fish are _______.
Definition
ganoid, ctenoid, cosmoid, and cycloid
Term
Endochondral bone first appeared in ________
Definition
body fish
Term
in amphibians the three major avenues for gas exchange are ___________.
Definition
lungs, skin and gills
Term
the two main requirements for a respiratory surface are _______.
Definition
thin and moist
Term
zygapophyses are parts of the ________ that serve to _____ in tetrapods.
Definition
vertebrae, add support to the skeleton
Term
the weberian apparatus serves to increase the sense of vibrations in ______
Definition
fish
Term
the invation of land by vertebrates followed after the invation of land by
Definition
plants, bacteria, and insects
Term
two major disadvantages of the transition to land were ______
Definition
gravity and desiccation
Term
it was very important for tetrapods to ________ (3)
Definition
increase the density of their skeleton to counteract gravity

increase the complexity of their skeletal muscle to be able to move their limbs through air.

change in anatomical structure of the heart to be able to pump blood against gravity
Term
intermembranous ossification is the process responsible for the formation of ________ (3)
Definition
membranous bone

flat bones

dermal bones
Term
lecithotrophy refers to the condition where ______
Definition
the egg is retained inside the mother and the mother provides only gases and inorganic ions.
Term
the extra-embryonic membranes are involved in which of the following functions
Definition
repiration, protection, nourishment, excretion
Term
which of the following do not have spiracles (4)
Definition
holocephali
teleosts
amphibians
lungfish
Term
ovoiviparity is the term to describe ________
Definition
eggs that hatch inside the mother and feed on the yolk and energy provided by the mother
Term
active fast endurance swimmers such as tunas have a larger percentage of __________ as compared to fast burst swimmers.
Definition
red slow oxidative muscle fibers
Term
all vertebrates possess which extra-embryonic membrane.
Definition
yolk sack
Term
placoid scales are common in which group
Definition
chondrichthyes
Term
extant sharks have which type of jaw attachment
Definition
hyostylic
Term
a common feature of extant sharks is mobility of the head skeleton which is called _________
Definition
cranial kinesis
Term
sharks have an extremely developed sensory system which they use to detect. approach and attack prey.
Definition
chemoreception, mechanoreception, visual, electroception
Term
types of scales that can be found in modern bony fish are ___________
Definition
ganoid, cosmoid, ctenoid, cycloid
Term
endochondral bone first appeared in __________
Definition
bony fish
Term
in amphibians the three major avenues for gas exchange are_______
Definition
lungs, skin, and gills
Term
the two main requirements for a respiratory surface are______
Definition
thin and moist
Term
zygapophyses are parts of the _________ that serve to _____ in tetrapods
Definition
vertebrae, add support to the skeleton
Term
the weberian apparatus serves to increase the sense of vibrations in ________
Definition
fish
Term
animals that regulate their widely ranging body temperatures are called _______.
Definition
endotherms
Term
what are the three assumptions made when calculating basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Definition
animal is at rest, in their thermoneutral zone, and post-absorptive
Term
two major disadvantages of the transition to land were _________
Definition
gravity and desiccation
Term
interamembranous ossification is the process responsible for the formation of _________
Definition
dermal bone
flat bone
membranous bone
Term
all condrichthyes are viviparous
Definition
False
Term
skates differ from rays in that skates are all mesopelagic
Definition
False (benthic)
Term
hypotremate elasmobranch refers to all sharks with terminal jaws.
Definition
F (skates and rays do too)
Term
benthic refers to bottom dwelling sharks
Definition
f
Term
anoxybathic refers to sharks adapted to low oxygen environments
Definition
T
Term
the mammalian lung is more efficient then the avian lung.
Definition
F
Term
all bony fish use cutaneous respiration
Definition
false
Term
the skin of fish is more permeable to water than mammals
Definition
false
Term
the skin of mammals is less permeable to oxygen then amphibians
Definition
True
Term
there is a greater restriction on size in aquatic environment as compared to a terrestrial environment
Definition
false
Term
all chondrichthyes are vivparous
Definition
false
Term
skates differ from rays in that skates are all mesopelagic
Definition
false
Term
hypotremate esasmobranch refers to all sharks with terminal jaws.
Definition
false
Term
anoxybathic refers to sharks adapted to low oxygen environments.
Definition
true
Term
benthic refers to botton dwelling sharks
Definition
false
Term
all bony fish use cutaneous respiration
Definition
false
Term
the skin of fish is more permeable to water than mammals
Definition
false
Term
the skin of mammals is less permeable to oxygen then amphibians
Definition
true
Term
there is a greater restriction on size in aquatic environment as compared to a terrestrial environment
Definition
F
Term
amphibians have lower overall blood pressure than birds
Definition
Term
opercular bones in amphibians are no longer fused to the pectoral girdle
Definition
T
Term
all homeotherms are endotherms
Definition
false
Term
all organisms that fluctuate their body temperature in response to environmental temperatures are ectotherms
Definition
false
Supporting users have an ad free experience!