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Business Law Flashcards 2
2nd set of vocabulary words
38
Business
12th Grade
08/22/2012

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Term
Appellate Court
Definition
Courts that have the authority to hear appeals and review cases from lower courts
Term
Appellate Jurisdiction
Definition
Authority of court to review a decision of a lower court or administrative agency
Term
Arraignment
Definition
Procedure in which the accused is brought before the court, read the indictment or information, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty
Term
Arrest
Definition
Action when a person is deprived of his or her freedom
Term
Bail
Definition
Money or other property that is left with the court to assure the court that the person will return to stand trial
Term
Contempt of Court
Definition
Action that hinders the administration of justice in court
Term
Court
Definition
Governmental forum that administers justice under the law
Term
Court of Record
Definition
Accurate, detailed report of what went on at a trial
Term
Delinquent Child
Definition
Minor, under a certain age (usually sixteen, seventeen, or eighteen), who has committed an act that would be a crime if done by an adult
Term
Detention Hearing
Definition
Hearing whether there are good reasons for keeping the accused in custody and whether or not there are special circumstances affecting the case
Term
Due Process
Definition
An administrative agency decision-making, notice of charges or potential rule making coupled with opportunity to appear, present evidence, and confront witnesses if warranted
Term
Due Process of Law
Definition
Constitutional requirement for fundamental fairness in our legal and court system
Term
Ex Parte Injunction
Definition
Injunction issued by a judge after hearing only one side of an argument
Term
General Jurisdiction
Definition
Authority of a court to hear a wide range of cases
Term
Grand Jury
Definition
Jury of inquiry. It is a group of citizens called together by a court official to determine whether there is enough evidence to justify accusing certain persons of certain crimes
Term
Indictment
Definition
Written accusation issued by the grand jury charging the individual or individuals named in it with a certain crime
Term
Injunction
Definition
Court order issued by a judge ordering a person to do or not to do something
Term
Intermediate Court
Definition
Court between the lower court and the highest court. Also called appellate court
Term
Judgment
Definition
Final result of a trial
Term
Jurisdiction
Definition
Power of a court to decide a case
Term
Jury
Definition
Panel of citizens sworn by a court to decide issues of fact in court cases
Term
Justice
Definition
Title of a judge on the state Supreme Court or federal Supreme Court
Term
Juveniles
Definition
Individuals over 13 and under 18 years of age who have special status under the criminal law
Term
Limited Jurisdiction
Definition
Authority of a court to hear only one particular type of case
Term
Minor
Definition
Young person who has not reached the age of legal adulthood. Eighteen is now generally accepted as the age of legal adulthood
Term
Municipal Court
Definition
City court, usually divided into traffic and criminal divisions
Term
Original Jurisdiction
Definition
Power to hear the case in full for the first time
Term
Precedent
Definition
When judge is required to follow an earlier court decision when deciding a case with similar circumstances. Also called doctrine of stare decisis
Term
Probate Court
Definition
Administers wills and estates
Term
Procedural Defense
Definition
Defense based on problems with the way evidence is obtained or the way the accused person is arrested, questioned, tried, or punished
Term
Procedural Law
Definition
Group of laws that define the methods for enforcing legal rights and duties
Term
Prosecutor
Definition
Party that accuses the person of a crime. The plaintiff
Term
Punitive Damages
Definition
Money a court requires a defendant to pay in order to punish and make an example of the defendant
Term
Real Defense
Definition
Defense that may be used against a holder in due course in a legal action involving a negotiable instrument; a defense that prohibits a holder in due course from collecting on a negotiable instrument
Term
Small Claims Court
Definition
Special court intended to handle small claims on debts quickly and simply
Term
Statue of Limitations
Definition
State laws setting time limit for bringing a lawsuit
Term
Trial Court
Definition
First court to hear a dispute
Term
Unruly Child
Definition
Minor who has done something that would not be a crime if it were done by an adult
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