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Business Foundation Ch. 4
Business Foundation
40
Business
Undergraduate 3
10/02/2015

Additional Business Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
exports
Definition
domestically produced goods and services sold in markets in other countries
Term
imports
Definition
foreign made products purchased by domestic consumers
Term
balance of trade
Definition
difference between a nation's exports and imports
Term
balance of payments
Definition
overall flow of money into or out of a country
Term
absolute advantage
Definition
making a product for which it can maintain a monopoly or that it can produce at a lower cost than any competitor.
Term
Comparative advantage
Definition
if it can supply its products more efficiently and at a lower price than it can supply other goods, compared with the outputs of other countries
Term
Exchange Rate
Definition
the rate at which a nation's currency can e exchanged for the currencies of other nations
Term
devaluation
Definition
drop in currency's value relative to other currencies or to a fixed standard
Term
infrastructure
Definition
basic systems of communication, transportation, and energy facilities in a country
Term
the foreign corrupt practices act
Definition
forbids U.S. companies from bribing foreign officials, political candidates, or government representatives.
Term
tariffs
Definition
taxes, surcharges, or duties on foreign products
Term
quota
Definition
limit set on the amounts of particular products that countries can import during specified time periods
Term
dumping
Definition
selling products abroad at prices below production costs or below typical prices in the home market to capture market share from domestic competitors
Term
embargo
Definition
total ban on importing specific products or a total halt to trading with a particular country
Term
exchange control
Definition
restriction on importation of certain products or against certain companies to reduce trade and expenditures of foreign currency
Term
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
Definition
international trade accord that substantially reduced worldwide tariffs and other trade barriers
Term
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Definition
153-member international institution that monitors GATT agreements and mediates international trade disputes
Term
World Bank
Definition
organization established by industrialized nations to lend money to less developed countries
Term
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
Definition
organization created to promote trade, eliminate barriers, and make short term loans to member nations that are unable to meet their budgets
Term
Free-trade area
Definition
are in which they trade freely among themselves without tariffs or trade restrictions
Term
customs unions
Definition
sets up a free-trade area and specifies a uniform tariff structure for members' trade with non-member nations
Term
common market
Definition
members go beyond a customs union and try to bring all of their trade rules into agreement
Term
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Definition
agreement among the U.S., Canada, and Mexico to break down tariffs and trade restrictions
Term
Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)
Definition
agreement among the U.S., Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to reduce tariffs and trade restrictions
Term
European Union (EU)
Definition
27-nation European economic alliance
Term
indirect exporting
Definition
when it manufactures a product, such as an electronic component, that becomes art of another product sold in foreign markets
Term
direct exporting
Definition
when a company seeks to ell its products in markets outside its own country.
Term
export management company
Definition
for advice and expertise. exporting firm
Term
offset agreement
Definition
matches a small business with a major international firm. Small firm becomes subcontractor to the larger one.
Term
countertrade
Definition
barter agreement whereby trade between two or more nations involves payment made in the form of local products instead of currency
Term
franchise
Definition
contractual agreement in which a franchisee gains the right to produce and/or sell the franchiser's products under that company's brand name if they agree to certain operating requirements
Term
foreign licensing agreement
Definition
international agreement in which one firm allows another to produce or sell its product, or use its trademark, patent, or manufacturing processes, in a specific geographical area in return for royalties or other compensation
Term
subcontracting
Definition
international agreement that involves hiring local companies to produce, distribute, or sell goods or services in a specific country or geographical region
Term
offshoring
Definition
the relocation of business processes to a lower-cost location overseas
Term
acquisition
Definition
a company purchases another existing firm the host country
Term
joint ventures
Definition
partnership between companies formed for a specific undertaking
Term
overseas division
Definition
company can conduct a significant amount of its business overseas
Term
multinational corporation (MNC)
Definition
firm with significant operations and marketing activities outside its home country
Term
global business strategy
Definition
offering a standardized, worldwide product and selling it in essentially the same manner throughout a firm's domestic and foreign markets
Term
multidomestic business strategy
Definition
developing and marketing products to serve different needs and tastes of separate national market
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