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Bumpers - Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer
11
Biology
Professional
09/27/2008

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Cards

Term
What is the rate of breast cancer?
Definition
1 in 10 women
Term
Where does the breast drainage go?
Definition
*Breast drainage goes into axillary lymph nodes

*axillary lymph nodes may be removed during breast cancer surgery
Term
What are the different lymph node locations?
Definition
*Level I: Lymph nodes lateral and inferior to the pectoralis minor muscle

* Level II: Lymph nodes under the pectoralis minor muscle

* Level III: Lymph nodes under and deep to the pectoralis minor muscle
Term
What are the most common breast cancer types?
Definition
most common - ductal carcinoma

2nd most common - lobular carcinoma (likely to be in both breasts)
Term
What are the different general types of breast cancer treatments?
Definition
*Surgical

*Chemotherapy

*Radiation therapy

*Hormonal therapy
Term
What are some indicators of breast cancer?
Definition
Contour
*asymmetry
*lumps
*dimpling - scar tissue

Nipple and Areolar
*retraction
*ulceration
*discharge
Term
What is peau d'orange?
Definition
*type of breast cancer where breast resembles an orange

*orange color and many small bumps

*bumps result from suspensory ligaments pulling the proliferating breast cancer tissue back
Term
What are the different types of surgical options for breast cancer?
Definition
*Wide excision (lumpectomy) - removal of the cancerous lump

*Axillary dissection - removal of axillary lymph nodes; axillary tail is the most common cancer location

*Modified radical mastectomy - removal of entire breast, lymph nodes

*Radical mastectomy - removal of entire breast, lymph nodes, and pectoralis major

NOTE - combination of lumpectomy, axillary dissection and radiation has the same effectiveness of mastectomy and allows patient to retain breast
Term
What are the different lymph nodes that may be removed?
Definition
*Anterior axillary nodes (pectoral nodes)

*Posterior axillary nodes (subscapular nodes)

*interpectoral nodes

*brachial nodes
Term
What are the different reconstruction methods?
Definition
*oncoplastic surgery

*Implants

*Latissimus dorsi flap - swing the lat forward and use its tissue as underlying breast tissue

*TRAM flap - swinging of the rectus abdominus from one side to the breast tissue of the other side
Term
What are some of the complications that can occur from surgery?
Definition
*Post mastectomy lymphedema - lymphatic obstruction caused by dissection of lymph nodes, massive swelling can occur

*venous thrombosis - blood clotting within a vein
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