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Buddhism
Buddhism Vocab Section 1
15
Religious Studies
11th Grade
04/28/2012

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Term
Nirvana
Definition
meaning "to extinguish" or "to blow out," it refers to the extinction of suffering, impermanence, delusion and all that keeps the life cycle going. Nirvana is the goal for all Buddhists.
Term
Four Sights
Definition
The inspiration to become a monk for Siddhartha the Buddha, the four sights were an old crippled man (old age), a diseased man (illness), a decaying corpse (death), and finally an ascetic that Siddartha encountered on an unannounced journey outside of the palace.
Term
Ascetic
Definition
A person who renounces material comforts to live a self-disciplined life, especially in the area of religious devotion.
Term
Bodhi Tree
Definition
The large, sacred fig tree at the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya where Siddhartha the Buddha arrived at enlightenment.
Term
Middle Way
Definition
The Buddhist teaching that liveration from samsura comes neither through severe ascetical practices nor through wild indulgences, but in the middle of the spectrum between those two opposites.
Term
Sangha
Definition
At first just the Buddhist monastic community, later it came to describe the entire community of monks, nuns and lay persons.
Term
Relics
Definition
Items of religious devotion, especially a piece of the body or personal items of an important religious figure.
Term
Dharma
Definition
From the Sanskrit, meaning "uphold," in Hinduism it is that which is in accordance with the laws of the cosmos and of nature such as righteous acts. In Buddhism it is the teachings of the Buddha.
Term
Mahayana Buddhism
Definition
Literally the "Great Ox Cart." This branch differs from Theravada Buddhism because it accommodates a greater number of people from all walks of life.
Term
Gupta Dynasty
Definition
240-550 CE, when the Gupta Empire ruled India with political peace and prosperity.
Term
Pala Dynasty
Definition
The empire that controlled the Indian subcontinent from the eigth to twelfth centuries. The word pala means "protector."
Term
Vajrayana Buddhism
Definition
literally "Diamond Vehicle," it is the prominent branch of Buddhism in Tibet.
Term
Bodhisattva
Definition
A being that compassionately refrains from entering nirvana in order to save others and is worshipped as a deity in Mahayana Buddhism.
Term
Lamas
Definition
In Tibetan Buddhism,teachers and often heads of monasteries.
Term
Dalai Lama
Definition
The head lama of Tibetan Buddhism who was the spiritual and political leader of Tibet until its takeover by Chinese communist leaders and a forced exile into India.
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