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Bromley Anatomy/physiology
Vocabulary for human anat/physiology
66
Biology
9th Grade
05/29/2012

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Term
renal artery
Definition
carries blood to kidneys
Term
renal vein
Definition
returns blood from kidneys
Term
endometrium
Definition
uterine lining
Term
oviduct
Definition
site of fertilization
Term
ovulation
Definition
follicle ruptures
Term
vas deferens
Definition
conveys sperm to urethra
Term
epididymus
Definition
stores, activates sperm cells
Term
testes
Definition
testosterone produced here, sperm production
Term
corpus luteum
Definition
old follicle, produces progesterone and estrogen
Term
follice
Definition
contains ova, secretes female hormones
Term
menstruation
Definition
endometrium is shed
Term
nephron
Definition
functional unit of renal system
Term
ureter
Definition
conveys urine from kidney to bladder
Term
urethra
Definition
bladder to outside
Term
scrotum
Definition
controls temperature of testes
Term
islets of Langerhans
Definition
endocrine cells in pancreas
Term
uterus
Definition
site of implantation and development
Term
endocrine glands
Definition
makes hormones, secretes directly into capillaires- no ducts
Term
hormones
Definition
don't forget to learn the hormones, source, targets and effects.
Term
vas deferens
Definition
carries sperm from epidymis to urethra
Term
amnion
Definition
membrane filled with fluid that surrounds fetus
Term
pituitary gland
Definition
among others, secretes FSH and LH, HGH, oxytocin and ADH
Term
HCG
Definition
produced by embryo, conserves corpus luteum which keep progesterone high. Also found in mom's urine.
Term
Function of insulin?
Definition
lowers blood glucose by cell uptake and liver uptake to make glycogen
Term
Function of glucagon?
Definition
Raises blood glucose by having liver breakup glycogen
Term
What are the components of blood?
Definition
RBCs,WBCs, platelets, plasma (aa's, glucose, hormones, urea, antibodies)
Term
Function of insulin?
Definition
lowers blood glucose by cell uptake and liver uptake to make glycogen
Term
Function of glucagon?
Definition
Raises blood glucose by having liver breakup glycogen
Term
Name three N wastes
Definition
Urea, Uric acid, Ammonia
Term
What are the sources of N waste?
Definition
Digestion of proteins. The N waste comes from the amino end of the amino acid.
Term
How does a virus work?
Definition
They gain entry to a body cell (a specific one) and take over the cell's machinery.
Term
Why do bacteria make us ill?
Definition
It is the toxins released from bacteria that are harmful.
Term
Day of ovulation
Definition
Day 14 in a regular, 28 day cycle
Term
What is in semen?
Definition
Water, sperm cells, buffer, glucose
(lots of sperm)
Term
antibody
Definition
Secreted by self WBCs to counter antigens.
Term
Lymphatic system
Definition
a series of vessels and nodes that returns fluid to blood and is the site of certain WBC battles.
Term
Lymph
Definition
Fluid that is in the lymphatic systerm. Come from interstitial fluid which comes from plasma that leaked from capillaries
Term
What is a pathogen?
Definition
A virus, bacteria, fungus, prion or parasite. They cause disease.
Term
Gall bladder
Definition
Stores and secretes bile
Term
peristalsis
Definition
Involuntary movement of food through gut
Term
salivary glands
Definition
moistens and begins to digest starches
Term
Lg. intestine (colon)
Definition
removes water and allows E. coli to live and make vit D.
Term
Non specific immunity
Definition
Barriers: unbroken skin, acid, competing bacteria, antibacterial tears
Term
duodenum
Definition
the first foot of the small intestine
Term
rectum
Definition
feces stored here prior to evacuation
Term
motor neuron
Definition
cns out to muscle
Term
Name structures in eye as light passes through them
Definition
look it up
Term
three kinds of neurons
Definition
motor, sensory, interneuron
Term
what is white matter?
Definition
axons with myelin
Term
function of semicircular canals
Definition
orientation, balance
Term
cochlea
Definition
transducer in ear
Term
retina
Definition
light sensitive cells: rods and cones
Term
neuron characteristics
Definition
there are about four, maybe five
Term
implantation
Definition
blastula into endometrium
Term
astigmatism
Definition
irregular cornea
Term
tapetum
Definition
accounts for eye shine
Term
nictitating membrane
Definition
a "third" eyelid: birds, reptiles plus ?
Term
proto oncogene
Definition
normal mitosis gene
Term
oncogene
Definition
mutated proto onco now cancer
Term
metastatic
Definition
tumor capable of fragmenting and moving
Term
angiogenesis
Definition
capillary growth into tumor
Term
tumor suppressor gene
Definition
when mutates, can lead to cancer
Term
apoptosis
Definition
cell suicide, usually after a damaging mutation
Term
Tapetum
Definition
behind retina, accounts for eyeshine
Term
nictitating membrane
Definition
3rd eyelid, seen in birds, some mammals and reptiles
Term
brille
Definition
clear snake eyelid that is shed
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