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Borek Physiology Ch9 Lec10
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21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/15/2012

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Term
7 functions of the muscular system
Definition
Movement, Posture, Breathing, body Heat, Communication, Constriction of organs/vessels, contraction of Heart
Mnemonic: May Polly Bring Her Comic Con Hat?
Term
Contractility
Definition
property of muscle which allows it to shorten with force
Term
Excitability
Definition
capacity of muscle to respond to a stimulis (from nerves). This is the mechanism of action for muscle
Term
extensibility
Definition
the general property of muscle that allows it to be stretched to its normal resting length and beyond (to a limited degree)
Term
elasticity (muscle)
Definition
ability of muscle to recoil to original resting length after stretched
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
responsible for motion, expressions, diaphragm movement, etc; voluntary; independent parallel motion
Term
smooth muscle
Definition
blood vessels, eye, glands, skin; involuntary: endocrine and ANS
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
heart; autorythmic; involuntary: endocrine and ANS
Term
Fibers and Tissues of Muscle
(actin --> muscular fascia) (12)
Definition
1]Actin and 2]myosin are organized into 3]myofibrils, which are surrounded by 4]SR, covered with the 5]sarcolemma forming a 6]myofiber; myofibers are covered by 7]endomysium and organized in 8]fasciculae which are covered by 9]perimysium; a bundle of fasciculae make up a 10]muscle, and are surrounded by the 11]epimysium, and the 12]muscular fascia
Term
Tendon
Definition
connective tissue that binds muscle to bone (extension of epimysium)
Term
neuromuscular junction
Definition
contact between highly branched axon and muscle cell
Term
muscular: cell; membrane; cytoplasm
Definition
myofiber; sarcolemma; sarcoplasm
Term
Sarcomere
Definition
functional unit of muscle: intertwined actin and myosin filaments (myosin moves along actin), actin binds Z disc; sarcomere goes from disc to disc
Term
tropomyosin
Definition
long fiber that covers active sites of individual actin molecules
Term
troponin
Definition
small molecule that--when stimulated--moves tropomyosin to allow myosin to bind the active sites on the actin molecules
Term
myosin activity
Definition
ATP dependent bending from one active site to the next in order to move along actin filament
Term
A band
Definition
length in sarcomere from end to end of myosin filament; doesn't change during contraction
Term
H zone
Definition
distance between actin filaments in a sarcomere; narrows/disappears between contraction
Term
I band
Definition
length of actin molecules on either side of a Z-disk which is not overlapped by myosin; narrows during contraction
Term
M line
Definition
middle of H zone, delicate filaments holding myosin in place
Term
titin
Definition
elastic chains of amino acids, cause extensibility and elasticity of muscle
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