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BOARDS GI hormones
GI hormones quiz
8
Physiology
Graduate
02/09/2011

Additional Physiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Cholecystokinin

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

I cells of duodenum and jejunum

Increases pancreatic secretions

Increases gallbladder contraction

decreases gastric emptying

 

Upregulated by fatty acids and amino acids

Term

Secretin

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

Released by S cells of the duoenum

Increases pancreatic bicarbonate secretin

Decreases gastric acid secretion

Increases bile secretion

 

Upregulated by acid, and fatty acids in the lumen of the duodenum.

Term

Somatostatin

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

D cells of the pancreatic islets and GI mucosa.

Decreases gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion.

Decreases pancreatic and small intestine fluid secretion.

Decreases gall bladder contraction.

Decreases insulin and glucagon release.

 

Upregulated by acid, decreased by vagal stimulation.

Term

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP)

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

K cells of the duodenum and jejunum.

Exocrine function: Decrease gastric acid secretion.

Endocrine function: increase insulin release.

 

Increased by fatty acids, amino acids and oral glucose.

Term

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

Parasympathetic ganglia in sphincters, gall bladder and small intestine.

Increases intestinal water and electrolyte secretion

Increases relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters.

 

Upregulated by distention and vagal stimulation.

Downregulated by andrenergic input.

Term

Nitric Oxide

 

Name source, action and regulation.

 

 

Definition

All throughout GI.

Promotes smooth muscle relaxation; including the lower esophageal sphincter.

Parasympathetic regulation.

Term

Motilin

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

Small intestine.

Produces migrating motor complexes (MMCs)

 

Upregulated in the fasting state.

Term

Ghrelin

 

Name source, action and regulation.

Definition

P/DI cells of the stomach.

Up regulates growth hormone release, ACTH, cortisol and prolactin secretion.

 

Upregulated before meals

Downregulated after meals

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