Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Board Review Mania
Set 1: Muscoloskeletal/Connective Tissue
25
Medical
Professional
02/13/2008

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Albright Syndrome
Definition
A form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia characterized by multiple unilateral bone lesions, endocrine anomalies (i.e. precocious puberty) and unilateral pigmented skin lesions
Term
Epidermis Layers
Definition
Strata (surface to base): Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basalis
Term
Type I vs. Type II osteoperosis
Definition

Type I: Post-menopausal caused by decreased estrogen

Type II: Senile variant affects men and women over 70

Term
Osteopetrosis
Definition

Osteoclast malfunction leads to dense bones.

Less marrow space- thrombocytopenia, anemia, infection.

Term
Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica
Definition

Hyperparathyroidism. "Brown Tumors"

High: Serum Ca++, Alk. Phos.

Low: Serum Phosphorus

Term
Paget's disease
Definition

Abnormal bone architecture 2ndary to increased osteoblast/osteoclast activity.

Elevated Alk. Phos.

"Chalk Stick" fractures

Term
Polymyositis
Definition

progressive proximal symmetrical muscle weakness cause by CD8+ Tcell induced injury to myofibers.

 

Biopsy is diagnostic.

 

Dermomyositis is similar, but involes skin rash + malignancy risk

Term
Sjogren's Syndrome
Definition

Triad: Dry mouth, arthritis, dry eyes.

 

Usually women 40-60. Assoc. w/RA.

Term
SLE associations
Definition

Immunoglobulins, Malar rash, Discoid rash, Antinuclear antibodies, Mucositis, Neurological problems, Serositis, Hematologic anomalies, Arthritis, Renal problems, Photosensitivity.

Term
Sarcoidosis Associations
Definition
Gammaglobulinemia, RA, ACE increase, Interstitial fibrosis, Noncaseating gramulomas.
Term
Reiter's Syndrome
Definition

Triad: Urethritis, Conjunctivitis/uveitis, Arthritis.

 

Assoc. w/HLA-B27.

 

Occurs post-GI/chlamydia infection.

Term
Scleroderma
Definition

Excessive fibrosis/collagen deposition throughout body. 75% female. Two categories.

 

1. Diffuse scleroderma: rapid, widespread skin involvement + viscera, anti-Scl-70 ab

 

2. CREST syndrome (more benign): Calcinosis, Raynauds, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia

Term
Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Definition
pruritis eruptions on flexur surfaces
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
Epidermal hyperplasia, w/parakeratotic scaling. Knees & elbows. Auspitz sign. More spinosum, less granulosum.
Term
Dermatitis Herpetaformis
Definition
Pruritic papules/vesicles; IgA deposits; Assoc. w/ celiac disease.
Term
Lichen Planus
Definition
Pruritic, purple, polygonal, papules. Lymphocytes infiltrate dermoepidermal junction.
Term

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Definition

This response to sulfa drugs/anticonvulsants is the more common type of erythema multiform. Many rash types, including target lesions.

Term
Seborrheic Keratosis
Definition
Benign flat pigmented squamous proliferation/keratin cysts
Term
Microscopic Polyangiitis
Definition

Wegeners minus granulomas.

 

P-ANCA instead of C-ANCA

Term
Actinic Keratosis
Definition
Premalignant small, rough red/brown papules assoc. w/sun exposure.
Term
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Definition
Anti-desmosome Abs creates bullae in mucosa + skin, acantholysis (breakdown of cell/cell junctions). Potentially fatal.
Term

Takeyasu's Arteritis

Definition

"Pulseless disease"- granulomatous thickening of great vessels. Mostly asian women. Elevated ESR

 

Fever, Arthritis, Night sweats, Myalgia, Skin nodules, Ocular disturbance, Weak pulse (upper ext.)

Term
Temporal Arteritis
Definition
Most common vasculitis affecting medium/small arteries. Elevated ESR. Treat w/ steroids. Older women.
Term
Polyarthritis Nodosa
Definition

Necrotizing immune complexes in renal/visceral vessels.

 

Fever, Malaise, Headache, Myalgia, Weight loss, etc.

 

Treat w/ corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide.

Term
Wegener's Granulomatosis
Definition

Triad: focal necrotizing vasculitis, upper airway/lung necrotizing granulomas, necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Also: perforation of nasal septum, otitis media, sinusitis, mastoiditis, caugh, dyspnea, hematuria, hemoptysis, aneurysms.

 

C-ANCA is a strong marker. 

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