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Block 2 Path Lab: neuropath 1
asdf
24
Medical
Graduate
12/05/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

9 y.o. headache, ataxia,

circumscribed midline cyst in cerebellum, removed surgically.

 

 

compact and loose area of slight increased cellularity

 

compact include long wavy fibrillar processes

+

dark pink, amorphous elongated material

 

locate in 3rd ventricle, cerebellu, optic nerve

 

Definition

Juvenile pilocystic astrocytoma

 

juvenile

cystic

cerebellum

mural cyst

 

fusiform astrocyte: long wavy fibrilar processes

 

rosenthal fibers: dark pink, amorphous elongated material

 

3rd ventricle most aggressive

Term

pseudopalisading

 

necrosis

 

vascular proliferation

 

hypercellularity

 

pleomorphism

 

MRI: large lesion with central cystic change to necrosis, peripheral ring enhancement. edema and thickeneing of corpus callosum

Definition
GM
Term

Most common malignant primary neuro tumor in

 

adult:

 

kids

 

most common benign neuro tumor in kids

Definition

GM

 

medulloblastoma

 

pilocytic astrocytoma of cerebellum

 

 

Term
diff. b/t anaplastic astrocytoma vs. GM
Definition
no necrosis vs. necrosis
Term

8 y.o. headache, truncal ataxia,

well demarcated friable midline cyst in cerebellum, removed surgically

 

arise from roof of 4th ventricle and invading the vermis.

homogenous, pale gray.

hydrocephalus

 

Definition

medulloblastoma

 

PNET: primary neuroepithelial tumor

 

Homer Wright rosettes: tumor cells arranged radially around eosinophilic fibrillar center

 

Term

60 y.o. woman, 3yh of headache, focal seizure,

CT: intracraniall mass removed surgically.

 

Circumscribed parasagittal mass attached to dura and compressing underlying brain.

surface of tumor bosselated

Definition
meningioma
Term

small, poorly differentiated

tumor cells arranged radially around eosinophilic fibrillar center

high N/C ratio,

hypercellular blue cell

 

cerebellum

kids

Definition

medulloblastoma

 

homer-wright rosette: tumor cells arranged radially around eosinophilic fibrillar center

Term

parasagittal location or junction of white and gray matter

 

dark pink hyaline circular body

 

whorls

 

women, 45.

 

 

Definition

 transitional meningioma

 

psammoma body: cellular syncytial dark pink circular body

Term

50 y.o. compalints of hearing loss, tinnitus, sensory loss in distribution of CN8, removed from vestibular nerve

low back pain and sciatica, remove from dorsal root of spinal nerve

 

solitary circumscribed, encapsulated eccentrically located on acoustic CN at internal audtiory meatus

 

bilateral

Definition

schwannoma

 

dumb-bell configuration: eccentrically located on acoustic CN

 

Neurofibromatosis Type 2

Term

female

 

eccentrically away from nerve

 

hypercellular region

 

loosely cellular area with vacuolated cell

 

densely cellular area with nuclear palisading resembling sarcomere

 

usually at CP angle

 

vestibular region of CN8

dorsal root of spinal nerve

Definition

schwannoma

 

antoni A: hypercellular region

 

antoni B: loosely cellular area

 

verocay body: densely cellular area with nuclear palisading resembling sarcomere

Term

70 y.o. woman, h/o CLL, meningeal irritation and CN palsy, spinal n. symptom

 

meninges involving brain and spinal cord was opaque and thickened.

Definition

CLL

 

hydrocephalus: meningeal infiltration by leukemic cell obstruct CSF flow

 

cranial/spinal nerve symptoms: leukemic cell infiltrate nerves

Term

monomorphic lymphocyte small blue cells within meninges

 

infiltrating nerve root

 

perivascular cuffing of the cell

 

lack of reactive cell within CNS parenchyma

Definition

CLL infiltration

 

Virchow-Robin space: perivascular cuffing of the cell

 

 

Term

DDx

 

CLL vs. viral meningitis

Definition

CLL:

monomorphic lymphocyte in V-R space

lack reactive cell in CNS parenchyma

 

 

Viral meningitis:

more variety of cell in V-R space

Term

adenocarcinoma, develop headache, confusion, papilloedema, spinal cord compression.

 

uncal and cerebellar tonsillar herniation

 

rapid death

Definition

leptomeningeal carcinomatosis

 

ICP: headache, papilledema, vomiting

usually from lung.

 

more via metastatic lesion within cortex exfoliate into subarachnoid space

 

less commonly: hematogenous spread.

Term

well-circumscribed

 

gray-white interface

 

cell appear thickened and fibrotic, cytoplasm within single large vacuole push nucleus to side,

 

MRI: ring enhancement of necrosis at center

 

surrounding vasogenic edema

Definition

leptomeningeal carcinomatosis

 

signet ring appearance: cytoplasm within single large vacuole push nucleus to side

Term

sheets of uniform cell with centrally placed, round nuclei in clear cytoplasm

 

calcification of oligos

 

chicken wired vessels

Definition

oligodendroglioma

 

fried-egg appearance: sheets of uniform cell with centrally placed, round nuclei in clear cytoplasm

Term

Diabetes Insipidus, dysfunction of anterior pituitary

 

loose fibrous stroma

 

dark-blue cord + nest of epithelial layer

 

either columnar cell peripherally palisaded

or stratified squamous epi

 

calcification

Definition

Craniopharyngioma

 

remnant of craniopharyngeal duct or Rathke's pouch

Term

lesion of perivascular region and mammilary body:

 

acute congestion, hemorrhage, demyelinated,

 

vs.

 

brown necrosis

Definition

Wernicke's

 

vs.

 

Korsakoff's

 

Vit B1 - thiamine dz

Term

at basis pontis where there are white regions u see dark regions

 

rapid overcorrection of hyponatremia

Definition

central pontine myelinolysis

 

demyelination: where there are white regions u see dark regions

Term

shrunken folia

 

widened fissure of anterior and superior vermis of cerebellum

Definition
alcoholic cerebellar atrophy
Term
3 symptoms of chronic alcoholism in brain
Definition

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

 

central pontine myelinolysis

 

alcohlic cerebellar atrophy

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