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BLD 324 Exam 3 (MSU)
Part II-- Secondary Hemostasis
9
Medical
Undergraduate 3
11/22/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Draw out the in vivo coagulation cascade

use acceptable nomenclature for the coagulation components

 

Also draw the in vitro cascade. Highlight the differences

Definition
Term

Define..

a. zymogen

b. serine protease

 

Explain why it is important to know the type of proteolytic activity of these enzymes

Definition

a. zymogen: inactive form of an enzyme; coagulation factors exist as zymogens and require activation to catalyze the next reaction in the sequence.


b. serine protease: the active form of most coagulation factors exist as this type of enzyme, in which a serine at the active site breaks peptide bonds

 

Important to know the type of proteolytic activity to understand the background behind lab tests and diseases that relate to coag.

Term

Describe and compare the general structure of...

1. fibrinogen

2. fibrin monomer

3. polymerized fibrin

4. stable fibrin

 

Explain how each is formed

Definition

1. Fibrinogen: trinodular structure composed of 3 pairs (Aα, Bβ, γ) of disulfide bonded polypeptide chains. Central nodule: E domain. Thrombin cleaves small peptides (A and B) from the alpha and beta chains in this region to form fibrin. The central nodule is joined by supercoiled alpha-helices to the terminal nodules also known as the D domains.

[image]

Term
Ignore #4
Definition
FUCK YES
Term

List the factors in the...

1. contact pathway

 

Definition

1. contact

Starts with XII to XIIa; Prekallikrein & HMWK, XI to XIa; IX to IXa (w/ Calcium, VIII, PPL), PT (II) to Thrombin, Fibrinogen (I) to Fibrin monomer, to polymerized fibrin, which uses XIII to go to Cross-linked fibrin.

Factors...

XII/XIIa

XI/XIa

IX/IXa

VIII

II

I

XIII

Term
Correlate the old names for the contact and tissue factor pathways
Definition

Contact-->Intrinsic

Tissue Factor-->Extrinsic

 

to remember

in contact

extra tissue?

Term
Predict the effects of a decrease or inhibition of procoagulants or inhibitors on clot formation
Definition

1. Decreased/Inhibited procoagulants or clotting factors

=Excessive bleeding

can be hereditary or acquired (drugs/disease)

2. Decreased/Inhibited inihibtors of clot formation

=Unneeded clotting occurs

Hereditary/acquired (drugs/disease)

 

Function of inhibitors/procoagulants typically due to drugs, not disease

Term
List the 5 generic components of the enzymatic coag complexes, their roles, and then name the specific components of the tenase and prothrombinase complexes
Definition

1. PPL (from cell membranes) surface on which the reaction occurs (Platelet membrane (Plt. Factor 3), Endothelial cells)

2. The active enzyme, eg. Factor IXa, Xa

3. A cofactor embedded in the PPL to stabilize the enzyme and increase its activity

4. Calcium, helps hold enzyme to PPL and Cofactor

5. Zymogen (enzyme's substrate) eg. for IXa=X; for Xa=Prothrombin (II)


Tenase converts X to Xa

Composed of Ca2+, IXa, VIII, PPL

Prothrombinase converts PT (Factor II) to Thrombin

Composed of Xa, Ca2+, V, and PPL

Term

List factors in the

2. the tissue factor pathway

3. the common pathway

Definition

2. Tissue Factor

VII->VIIa

X->Xa (w/ V, Ca2+, PPL)

II (Prothrombin) -> Thrombin

I (Fibrinogen)->Fibrin monomer on down (FInal step uses XIII)

 

3. Common

Starts at II (PT) ---(Xa and V, Ca and PPL)--->Thrombin

Thrombin converts Fibrinogen (I) to fibrin monomer, on down (Final uses XIII)

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