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Biostatistics Chp 1-7
Mideterm prep
24
Science
Undergraduate 2
05/06/2012

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Term
Population
Definition
the complete collection of all elements ( scores, people, measurements) to be studied . All subjects to be study.
Term
Census
Definition
is the collection of data from every member of a population
Term
Sample
Definition
is a sub collection of members from part of a population
Term
Parameter
Definition
is a measurement describing some characteristic of a population ( Sample: 2100/500trout=4.1 mean : 4.1 is parameter)
Term
Statistic
Definition
is a measurement describing some characteristic of a sample ( Sample: 45% out of 877, 45% statistic.)
Term
Qualitative Data
Definition
Consist of number representing count of measurements ( The weight of manatees)
Term
Qualitative Data
(categorical or at
attribute) Data
Definition
can be separated into different categories that are distinguished by some non non numerical characteristic( The gender of bears)
Term
Discrete Data
Definition
result when the number of possible values is either a finite number or countable ( 0,1,2...) (the number of eggs a chicken lays)
Term
Continues Data
Definition
result from infinitely many possible values that correspond to some continues scale that covers the range of values without gaps or interruptions . ( the gallons of milk cow gives )
Term
Nominal
Definition
data that consists of names, labels, or categories only. Cant be arranged in low or high) ( colors, yes, no, undecided )
Term
Ordinal
Definition
can be arranged in some order, but difference between data values either cannot be determined or are meaningless(Ranks and grades)
Term
Interval level of measurement
Definition
like ordinal, with the difference of two values is meaningful. Data does not have a natural zero starting point.(temperature )
Term
Ration level of measurement
Definition
is the interval level with addition of a natural zero starting point (weights, and ages)
Term
Observational study
Definition
we observe and measure specific characteristic but we don't attempt to modify the subject being studied.
Term
Experiment
Definition
we apply treatment and them proceed to observe its effects on the subject
Term
Cross sectional study
Definition
data are observed, measured, and collected at one point in time
Term
retrospective
Definition
Data collected from the past by going back in time (records )
Term
Prospective
Definition
data are collected in the future from groups sharing common factors
Term
Random Sample
Definition
members from a population are selected in such a way that each individual had the same change of being selected
Term
Simple random Sample
Definition
of size "n" subject is selected in such a way that every possible sample of the same size "n" has the same change of being selected
Term
Systematic Sampling
Definition
randomly select a starting point and the select every kth (50th ) element in the population
Term
convenience sampling
Definition
we simply collect result that are easy to get
Term
Stratified Sampling
Definition
we subdivide that population into at least 2 different subgroups that share that same characteristic ( age or gender)then we draw s sample from each group.
Term
Cluster Sampling
Definition
we first divide the population area into section, then randomly select some of those clusters and the choose all the members from those selected clusters.
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