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BIOS 100 Final Exam
All 4 Exams Combined into one series of flash cards. STUDY, ASSHOLE!
39
Biology
12/12/2007

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Term
Can Serve as a precursor to steroid hormones. 
Definition
Cholesteral
Term
Start Codon
Definition
AUG
Term
Where does Glycolysis take place?
Definition
In the cytoplasm
Term
where does the Krebs Cycle take place?  
Definition
In the matrix of the mitochondria.
Term
Microfilament
Definition
made of many subunits of actin protein
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
processes products of rough ER, modifies glycoproteins
Term
Microtubule
Definition
Made of protein dimers that interact with kinesin to move vessicles around the cell.
Term
Ribosome
Definition
Translates mRNA into a strand of Amino Acids.
Term
Lysosome
Definition
Garbage storage. Houses enymes that work best in an acidic enviornment to hydrolize macromolecules.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
produces ATP. Powerhouse of the cell.
Term
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
    Part of the endomembrane system where proteins are made, folded and glycosolated.
Term

Contains chromatin, and is where mRNA

molecules are made.

Definition
Nucleus
Term
Processes fatty acids
Definition
Peroxisome
Term
Place where ribosome subunits are assembled
Definition
Nucleolus
Term
Which type of bond/ attractive force is one of those holding a protein in its 3-D shape?
Definition
Hydrophobic Interactions
Term

How many different types of monomers are there from which proteins are constructed?

Definition
20
Term

How many different types of monomers are there from which nucleic acids are constructed?

Definition
4
Term
Which enzyme is responsible for carrying out transcription?
Definition
RNA polymerase II
Term
What molecules are responsible for bringing the appropriate amino acid to the codon sitting in the ribsome?
Definition
tRNA
Term

 Who or which thing is responsible

for attaching to mRNA before translation begins?

Definition
small subunit of the ribosome.
Term
Anticodon is found on which type of molecule?
Definition
tRNA
Term
The process of adding sugars to newly formed proteins
Definition
Glycolysis
Term
Where does fermentation take place?
Definition
In the Cytoplasm
Term
Glycolysis
Definition
The conversion of glucose into 2 3-Carbon Pyruvate molecules.
Term
The process that turns NAD+ into NADH
Definition
The Krebs Cycle
Term
electron transport and chemiosmosis
Definition
Which process generates most (nearly 90%) of the ATP when oxygen IS available?
Term
In the absence of oxygen, muscle cells convert pyruvate to __________ and by doing so they also regenerate NAD+
Definition
Lactate. via the process known as Fermentation.
Term
Fats are fed into the Krebs cycle as this:
Definition
Acetyl-CoEnzymeA
Term
Which form of enzyme control involves a regulatory molecule binding at a site that is some distance away from the active site?
Definition
Allosteric Regulation.
Term
Which enzyme removes high energy electrons from pyruvate, releases a CO2 molecule and requires a coenzyme, CoA?
Definition
Pyruvate DeHydrogenase
Term
Ferrodoxin
Definition
Second electron carrier, in Photosystem I.
Term
Pheophytin
Definition
First electron carrier via photosystem II.
Term
Which Photosystem gets its electrons directly from H2O?
Definition
The first photosystem; Photosystem II.
Term
   Both Photosystems:
Definition
Use chlorophyll a as part of the collection antennae of pigments.
Term
Calvin Cycle
Definition
A series of biochemical reactions that takes place in the stroma of the choloroplasts.
Term
Chloroplasts
Definition
Absorb light, and in conjunction with water and carbon dioxide, produce sugars. Organelles which Conduct Photosynthesis
Term
What organ plays the important role of storing glucose after a meal and releasing glucose after periods of fasting?
Definition
Liver
Term
What makes the heart beat rhythmically at about 100 beats per minute?
Definition
SA Node cells
Term
Transcription factors are most typically which type of molecule?
Definition
Proteins