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Biology Chapter 10 Theory of Evolution
Theory of Evolution
30
Biology
9th Grade
04/13/2016

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Cards

Term
What is evolution?
Definition
the gradual change in species over time
Term
What is punctuated equilibrium?
Definition
Short period with fast genetic change
Term
Most fossils form when they become buried in ________
Definition
sediments
Term
An adaptation is any trait that helps an organism ____
Definition
survive and reproduce
Term
The technique that allows scientists to determine the actual age of a fossil is called ____
Definition
radioactive dating
Term
Charles Darwin said evolution occurred _____
Definition

slow

 

Term
How is variation introduced into a population?
Definition
mutation
Term
The role an organism has in an environment is called its _____
Definition
niche
Term
What is evolution?
Definition
the gradual change in species over time
Term
By what process did Darwin think evolution occurred?
Definition
Natural Selection
Term
Any difference between individuals of the same species is called a(n) ____
Definition
variation
Term
Farmers today use the ____ method to breed for the best animals
Definition
artificial selection
Term
What vestigial structure do humans have in their bodies?
Definition
appendix
Term
What is the evolutionary theory?
Definition
All life originated from a common unicellular ancestor
Term
What is mutualism?
Definition
When both species benefit from a relationship
Term
What is symbiosis?
Definition
a close relationship between two or more different species
Term
What is a homologous structure?
Definition
anatomically similar structures between organisms
Term
What is punctuated equilibrium?
Definition
short period of time with gast genetic change
Term
What is a species?
Definition
An interbreeding population of organisms that can mate and produce healthy, fertile offspring
Term
What is parasitism?
Definition
A relationship between two species in which one species nourishes itself to the disadvantage of the other species
Term
What is the fossil record?
Definition
A record of all the known fossils
Term
What are fossils?
Definition
The preserved remains and imprints of ancient organisms
Term
___________ + _______________ = evolution
Definition
Term
What was the name of Charles Darwin's ship?
Definition
HMS Beagle
Term
What is gradualism?
Definition
Small genetic changes occur slowly within a population  (Slow, gradual change)
Term
What is survival of the fittest?
Definition
Only the strong live and pass on genes to their offspring.  The weak die and their genes are therefore not passed on
Term
According to the evolutionary theory, how did all life begin?
Definition
All life originated from a common unicellular ancestor through natural selection
Term
What is relative dating of fossils?
Definition
When a fossil's age is related to another known fossil in the same soil horizon
Term
How does studying embryology help scientists learn about evolution?
Definition
early stages of development in animals are similar; therefore, the animals must have evolved from a common ancestor
Term
How can biochemistry help scientists learn about evolution?
Definition
Scientists study and compare chemicals found in living things to each other - closer the ancestor, the more similar the amino acids in the DNA
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