Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Biology 2220 Chapter 6 Anatomy Northwestern State University
Chapter 6 NSU shreveport Dr Darvish
34
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/19/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
There are _____ bones in the body
Definition
206
Term
Skeleton has many functions.. what are they
Definition
Support, Movement, protection, blood formation
Term
Minerals such as ______ & _______ are released when it is necessary to support cellular function throughout the body
Definition
Calcium & Phosphate
Term
Minerals such as ______ & _______ are released when it is necessary to support cellular function throughout the body
Definition
Calcium & Phosphate
Term
Absorption or the release of ______ _________ helps to buffer the blood against changes in pH.
Definition
Calcium Phosphate
Term
Define Detoxification
Definition
bone tissue removes heavy metal and other foreign elements from the blood and reduces their toxic effect on other tissues.
Term
what are the four bone classification groups
Definition
Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones
Term
Long bones consist of
Definition
(point to them as you go) the humerus of the arm,the radius and ulna of the forearm. the metacarpals and phalanges of the hand, the femur of the thigh, the tibia and the fibula of the leg, and the metatarsals and phalanges of the feet.
Term
Short bones consists of
Definition
The carpal (wrist), and tarsal (ankle) - they have limited motions
Term
flat bones consist of
Definition
includes most cranial bones, the ribs, the sternum, the scapula, and ossa coxas, hipbones
Term
Irregular bones
Definition
includes the vertebrate and some skull bones, sphenoid and ethmoid bones.
Term
Long bone shaft is called
Definition
diaphysis
Term
At either end the long bones expanded head is called
Definition
epiphysis
Term
Diaphysis consist of
Definition
compact bone on the surface that surround an inner space, the medullar cavity which is filled with bone marrow.
Term
Epiphysis consists of
Definition
it is filled with spongy bone
Term
What is periosteum
Definition
is a shaft that covers most of the bone, provides strong attachment for muscle tendons.
Term
Periosteum is an outer layer of collagen and inner osteogenic layer of bone forming cells. why is the layer important
Definition
it is important to growth of bone and healing of fractures.
Term
Joint surfaces of bone are covered by a layer of _____ cartilage.
Definition
Hyaline
Term
Cartilage prevents?
Definition
bone ends from directly rubbing against one another during movement.
Term
Flat bone -
Definition
has a sandwich like construction, with two layers of compact bone enclosing a middle layer of spongy bone
Term
In the skull the spongy layer is called
Definition
diploe
Term
Osteogenic cells are _______ cells and constantly undergo mitosis. some of those differentiate into ______
Definition
embryonic, osteoblast
Term
Osteoblast cells
Definition
bone forming cells that synthesize organic matter of the matrix
Term
Mature bone cells that were once osteoblasts & osteocytes do not deposit or reabsorb bone but are able to communicate with osteoblast when they detect stress or strain,. in response osteoblast cells deposit bone where needed.
Definition
Osteocytes
Term
Osteoclasts
Definition
Several stem cells fuse together to form the huge osteoclast cells... are bone dissolving macrophages... osteoclast cells produce hydrochloric acid that dissolves bone mineral and enzymes that digest the organic componets of the matrix.
Term
Spong bone
Definition
consists of a lattice of thin places, spaces are filled with bone marrow, no central canal, each osteocyte is close to the blood supply in the marrow
Term
occupies the medullary cavity of long bones and in spongy bone. childern have more red marrow.. with age the red marrow is gradually replaced with yellow bone marrow with numerous adipocytes.
Definition
Bone marrow
Term
Red marrow is
Definition
hemopoietic tissue that produces blood cells.
Term
In adults red marrow is still found in vertebrae, sternum, ______ ,pectoral and _____ girdles, proximal femur, and ______
Definition
Ribs, pelvic, humerus
Term
Matrix
Definition
primary component is collagen., most of the inorganic magrix is hydroxyapalite and crystallized calcium phosphate salt. the collagen gives flexibility to resist tension and the mineral resist the compression
Term
Rickets
Definition
Childhood disease which occurs when a child is deficient in vitamin D therefore cannot absorb enough dietary calcium to adequately harden the bones.
Term
brittle bone disease cause by
Definition
no collagen
Term
Osteoprosis
Definition
Disease in which bone density declines to the extent that the bones become brittle and subject to fracture. aging is caracterized by loss of bone mass and strength.
Term
Osteopenia,
Definition
the loss of bone density
Supporting users have an ad free experience!