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Biology 102 Dr. Spohn
Chapters 8-11
103
Biology
Undergraduate 1
11/03/2009

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Term
Arterial System
Definition
Blood Vessel, including Endothelium, middle and outer layers
Term
Middle layer Arterial System
Definition
Smooth Muscle
Term
Outer layer Arterial System
Definition
Connective Tissue
Term
Arteries
Definition
carry blood away from heart
Term
Arterioles and PreCapillary Sphincters
Definition
control pressures
Term
Capillaries
Definition
exchange of nutrients, waste, and defensive cell between vessel and tissue
Term
Venous System
Definition
Blood Vessel, three layers, thin walled
Carry to the HEART
Term
Mechanism in Blood Return (Veins)
Definition
COntraction of Skeletal Muscle
One wAy valves
Pressure changes (Respritory Pump)
Term
Capillary Bed
Definition
Arteries and Veins join
Term
Lymphatic System
Definition
maintains blood volume,(helps immune system)
Term
Lymphatic System Structure
Definition
Blind-ended capillaries
Lymphatic Vessels
Lymph
Term
HEART Structure
Definition
Layers(Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
(Simple squamos same as blood vessels)
Term
Chambers on HEART
Definition
Atrias and Ventricles
Term
Two Atrioventricular Valves
Definition
Tricuspid and Bicuspid
Term
Two Semilunar valves
Definition
Pulmonary
Term
MEMORIZE HEART CYCLES
Definition
MEMORIZE HEART CYCLES
Term
Cardiac Conduction System
Definition
Coordinates contraction
Term
SA Node
Definition
Cardiac Pacemaker
Term
AV Node
Definition
Relay impulse
Term
AV Bundle and Purkinje Fibers
Definition
carries impulses to ventricles
Term
Electrocardiograms 3 Forms
Definition
P Wave(atria)
QRS Complex(Ventricle)
T-Wave(All Relaxed)
Term
P Wave
Definition
Impulse accross atria( by SA Node)
Term
QRS Complex
Definition
Spread of impulse down septum, around ventricles in Purkinje Fibers
Term
T-Wave
Definition
and of electrical activity in ventricles
Term
Arrythmais
Definition
Ventricular fibrillation(major heart attack)
Term
Blood Pressure
Definition
Normal 120/80
Term
Systolic Pressure
Definition
Contracted BP(HIGH)
Term
Diastolic
Definition
minimum BP(LOW)
Term
Sphygomanometer
Definition
tool to measure BP
Term
Hypertension
Definition
high blood pressure
Term
Hypotension
Definition
BP is too low!
Dizziness and fainting
Caused by blood loss!
Term
Barorecptors
Definition
pressure receptors in Aorta and Carotid Arteries
Term
Symapathetic(Medulla Oblangata)
Definition
fight of flight(reduces blood vessels, Raising BP
Term
Parasympathetic(Medulla Oblangata)
Definition
normal activity ( dilate Blood Vessels, lower BP)
Term
Epinephrine
Definition
Adrenaline
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
a warning (heart pains)
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
a warning (heart pains)
Term
Myocardial Infarction
Definition
Heart Attack; permanent cardiac damage
Term
Congestive heart Faliure
Definition
decrease pumping effiency
Term
Embolism
Definition
blockage of blood vessel
Term
Stroke
Definition
impaired blood flow to the brain
Term
Pathogens: Bacteria
Definition
Prokaryotic
Singled Celled
Use of Variety of Resources for growth and reproduction
Term
Bacterial Infections
Definition
Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Botulism, Toxic, Shock Syndrome, syphillis, Lyme Disease, etc.
Term
VIRUS
Definition
Extremely small
Cannot Reproduce my themselves
Modes of entry take in orally or sexually
Term
Virus Diseases
Definition
AIDS, Hepititis, Encephalitis, Rabies, Common Cold, Warts, Chicken Pox
Term
Prions
Definition
Infectious Proteins
Folding Problems of normal brain proteins
Resist cooking, freezing, and drying
Term
Prion Diseases
Definition
Bovine Spongiform encephalitis
Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
Term
Transmissibility
Definition
how easily passed from person to person
Term
Mode of Transmission
Definition
respiratory, fecal(oral), body fluids
Term
Virulence
Definition
how much damage caused by infection
Term
Lymphatic System Functions
Definition
maintain blood volume
transport of fats and fat-soluble material
Filtration of foriegn material
Term
Lymphnodes Diagram
Definition
see pg 191
Term
Lymph
Definition
protein containing fluid transported by lymphatic vessels
Term
Lymph nodes
Definition
cleanse lymph by filtering out material
Term
spleen
Definition
Cleanses blood,removes dying RBC and platelets, helps fight infections
Term
Thymus
Definition
secretes thymosin and thymopoietin cause T lymphocytes to mature
Term
Tonsils
Definition
protects throat
Term
appendix
Definition
small and large intestine meet
Term
Adenoids
Definition
lymphocytes material, screening what you breath
Term
Phagocytosis
Definition
by neutrophils, macrophage, eosiphils
Term
Imflammatory Response
Definition
redness, warmth, swelling, pain
Term
Process of Imflamm. response
Definition
Tissue damage o relaease histamine(dialte blood vessels)
Complement mark Bacteria
Phagocyte cells arrive and remove microphage
Term
Natural Killer Cells
Definition
Lymphoctyes
Term
Complement System
Definition
group of plasma proteins
Term
Interferon
Definition
interferons w/ virus spread
Term
Fever
Definition
increase host cell defense and meatbolic activities
Term
Antigen
Definition
major histocompatibility complex
Term
B Cells
Definition
antibody mmediated immunity
Term
Classes of Antibodies
Definition
IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE
Antibody structure
Term
T Cells
Definition
Cell-mediated immunity, action by cell
Term
Helper T Cells
Definition
stimulate other immune cells
Term
Cytoxic T Cells
Definition
kill abnormal and foriegn cells
Term
Memory T Cells
Definition
reactivate on re-exposure
Term
Suppressor T Cells
Definition
supresses other immune cells
Term
Upper Respiratory
Definition
Top to Lyrnx
Term
Lower Respiratory
Definition
Lyrnx to Lower System
Term
Ventilation
Definition
Moving air in and out
Term
External Respiration
Definition
gas exchange between environment and blood
Term
Internal Respiratory
Definition
gas exchange between blood and tissues
Term
Cellular Respiration
Definition
oxygen used to produce ATP, carbon dioxide waste
Term
Upper Respiratory Tract
Definition
Passage for Respiration
Receptors for Small
Filters incoming air to filter larger foriegn
Moisten and warms air coming in
Responding chambers for voice
Term
Lower Respiratory Tract
Definition
Larynx, right Bronchus, Alveoli, Tranchea, left Bronchis, Bronchiole
Term
Larynx
Definition
Maintains airways, rates food and air appropriate
Term
Trachea
Definition
transports Air to and from lungs
Term
Bronchi
Definition
branch to lungs
Term
Process of Breathing
Definition
Pressure Gradient
Inspiration/Expiration
Term
Cycles of breathing
Definition
1.Relaxed State
2.Inspiration
3.Expiration
Term
Tidal Volume
Definition
Breathing volume, normal intake, and exhale
Term
Dead Space Volume
Definition
air that always stays in lungs
Term
Vital Capacity
Definition
Max Volume
Term
Residual Volume
Definition
What is left after exhale
Term
External Respiration
Definition
gases exchange between air and blood
Term
Internal Respiraton
Definition
Gases exchange w/ tissue fluids
Term
Oxygen transport
Definition
Bonded to hemoglobin in RBC or dissolve in Blood Plasma
Term
Carbon Dioxide
Definition
dissolved in plasma, bound to hemoglobin and bicarbonate
Term
Breathing pattern
Definition
Medulla Oblangata, establishes pattern
Term
Chemical Receptors in Breathing Regulation
Definition
monitor Carbon Dioxide, H+ ions, and oxygen levels
Term
Carotid and Aortic Bodies
Definition
sensitive to co2, pH, and Oxygen levels,
concsious control: resides in higher centers
ability to modify breath
Term
Reduced Air Flow
Definition
Asthma, Emphysema, Bronchitis
Term
Infections
Definition
pneumonia, tunerculosis, botulism
Term
Lung Cancer
Definition
Term
Congestive Heart Failure
Definition
Term
Cystic Fibrosis
Definition
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