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Biological Bases of Behavior
Biological Bases of Behavior
38
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/23/2013

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

This type of neuron takes in information from body tissues and sense organs and transmit it to the spinal cord and brain.

Definition

 

 

Sensory Neuron

or

Afferent Neuron

Term

 

 

This type of neuron send information in the opposite direction away from the spinal cord and brain.

Definition

 

 

Motor Neuron

 

 

or

 

Efferent Neuron

Term

 

This type of neuron communicates with other neurons.

Definition

 

 

Inter-nerons

 

or association neurons

Term

Cell anatomy

 

this is the short bushy fiber that takes informationin fro outside the cell

Definition

 

dendrite

Term

cell anatomy

 

 

relatively long fibers that pass information along to other nerve cells, to glands or to muscles

Definition

 

 

axons

Term

cell anatomy

 

a fatty tissue that surrounds the axon and accelerates transmission of information

 

Definition

 

 

myelin sheath

Term

anatomy of neuron

 

 

a signal from a sense receptor or another neuron, coming through a dendrite,

 triggers an ____ _____ (electrical impulse)

and signals electrical activity in a neuron, muscle gland etc

Definition

 

 

action potential

Term

 

fluid inside a resting axon contains what type of charged atoms?

Definition

 

negatively charged ion

Term

 

 

fluid outside the axon contains what charged atoms?

Definition

 

 

positively charged ions

Term

 

the arrangement of negitive charged ions inside the axon and positive charged ions outside, is called the

 

_______ ________

Definition

 

 

resting potential

Term

anatomy of a nerve cell

 

after a axon fires and lets in positively charge ions inside the negitively charged axon and fires, afterward is called the

____ period

Definition

 

refractory period

Term

neurotransmitters

 

where one neuron meets another, the gap between them is called a _____

Definition

 

 

synaptic gap

Term

neurotransmitters

 

 

th

Definition
Term

 

the junction between 2 neurons

Definition

 

synapse

Term

 

__________ are chemicals contained in vesicles within the axon terminal. when action arrives at the terminal, the ___________ are released in to the synaptic cleft.

 

They then bind to receptor cites at the dentrites.

Definition

 

 

neurotransmitters

 

Term

 

 

________ is a neurotransmitter that helps control sleep and arousal.

Definition

 

serotonin

Term

 

Drugs that mimic a particular neurotransmitter or make more of it available by blocking it's re-uptake are called

__________.

Definition

 

 

Agonists

Term

 

 

Drugs that block a neurotransmitter or inhibit its release are called a _______.

Definition

 

 

Antagonists

Term

 

_______ nervous system includes brain and spinal cord

 

_______nervous system inludes sensory and motor neurons that connect brain and spinal cord to rest of body.

Definition

 

 

Central Nervous System

 

 

Peripheral Nervous System

Term

 

 

The PNS (peripheral) is divided up into 2 systems:

Definition

 

Somatic and autonomic

Term

 

the ______ nervous system of the PNS accomplishes 2 functions, first it carries info from muscles and sense organs to the CNS allowing for sensation of pressure and pain. 

 

Second, it carries messages from CNS to skeletal muscles allowing for volunatary movement.

(Exteral)

Definition

 

 

Somatic Nervous System

 

External

Term

 

the ______ nervous system of the PNS regulates body's environemnt and controlling glands and organs involuntarily.

 

(Internal)

Definition

 

 

Autonomic Nervous System

 

internal

Term

the autonomic system can be broke down into 2 parts:

 

________ nervous system prepares you for action.

 

Arouses

Definition

 

Sympathetic Nervous System

Term

the autonomic system can be broke down into 2 parts:

 

________ Nervous System deactivtes the systems mobilized, includes decreased heart rate, breathing and digestive functions

 

 

modulates

Definition

 

 

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Term

the brain

 

the ________ sits on top of the brainstem and receives info about touch, taste, sight and hearing (NOT SMELL) and sends the info to higher brain regions

Definition

 

 

Thalamus

Term

 the brain

 

the _____ ______ runs through both the brain stem and thalamus and is known mostly for its control of arousal and lseep, but it also filters all incoming stimuli and sends that info to other parts of the brain

Definition

 

 

 

Reticular Formation

Term

the brain

 

The most notable function of the _______, which is at the rear base of the brainstem, is the coordination of voluntary movement. 

 

Definition

 

 

Cerebellum

Term

the brain

 

The _____ system sits between these older parts of the brain, and morerecently evolved cerebral cortex and comprises several component structures.

 

hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary glan

Definition

 

 

Limbic System

Term

the brain

 

the ______ processes memory

Definition

 

 

Hippocampus

Term

the brain

 

the _______ influences fear and anger, damage to one area may cause rage or other areas may cause placidity

 

Definition

 

 

Amygdala

Term

the brain

 

neural networks within the _______ influence thirst, hunger, sexual behaviour. it also controls the pitutary gland

Definition

 

 

Hypothalamus

Term

the brain

 

the _____ gland ( aka master gland) influences the release of hormones from other glands

Definition

 

 

pituitary gland

Term

the brain

 

the ______ Cortex, the outer covering of the brian, is primarily involved in motor, cognitive and sensory processes.  the left and right hemispheres of the ______ cortex is comprised of 4 regions

Definition

 

 

cerebral cortex

Term

the brain

 

The ____ ______ (just behind forehead) play part in coordinating movement and in higher level thinking such as planning and predicting the consequenses of behaviors. Also involved in speech.

Definition

 

 

Frontal lobes

Term

thebrain

 

someone with damage to _____ _____, which is in the frontal lobe, can inderstand speech, but can only speak slowly with great difficulty

Definition

 

 

Broca's Area

Term

the brain

 

someone with damage to ____ _____ can physically speak, but nly string together meaningless words

 

 

Definition

 

 

wernicke's area

Term

the brain

 

the _____ lobes are at the top of the head, but behind the frontal lobes.  they are involved in the sense of touch, among other things and allow us to keep tabs on where our hands and feet are

Definition

 

 

parietal lobes

Term

the brain

 

just above and either sides of the ears are the _____ lobes, which are involved in hearing

 

at the base of the skull, the _____ lobes are involved with vision

Definition

 

 

temporal lobes

 

 

occipital lobes

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