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Biological Bases of Behavior
n/a
51
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
09/12/2010

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Term
neurons
Definition
recieve, integrate and transmit information.
COMMUNICATION
Term
soma
Definition
contains cell nucleus.
CELL BODY.
Term
dendrites
Definition
specialized in recieving information.
Term
axon
Definition
long, thin fiber that transmits signals away from the soma.
TRANSMIT AWAY.
Term
myelin sheath
Definition
insulating material encasing axons.
SPEEDS UP TRANSMISSION.
Term
terminal button.
Definition
small knobs that secrete neurotransmitters.
Term
neurotransmitters
Definition
chemical messengers that activate neighboring neurons.
work at specific synapes.
LOCK AND KEY.
Term
synapse
Definition
junction where information is transmitted between neurons.
GAP BETWEEN TWO NEURONS.
Term
Hodkins & Huxley
Definition
experimented on a giant squid.
learned that the neural impluse is a complex electrochemical reaction.
found fluids inside & outside neuron.
Term
resting potential
Definition
70 millivolts
Term
presynaptic neuron.
Definition
neuron sending message to the next.
Term
synaptic vesicles.
Definition
release neurotransmitters
Term
positive voltage shift
Definition
excitatory postsynaptic potential.
COCAINE.
Term
negative voltage shift
Definition
inhibitory postsynaptic potential.
SLEEPING PILLS.
Term
neural networks
Definition
patterns of neural activity
interconnected neurons that fire together.
Term
synaptic connections
Definition
elimination & creation.
Term
agonist
Definition
mimics neurotransmitters action.
Term
antagonist
Definition
opposes action of a neurotransmitter.
Term
afferent
Definition
towards the CNS.
ARRIVING.
Term
efferent
Definition
away from the CNS.
EXITING.
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
Term
autonomic nervous system
ANS
Definition
nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, muscles and glands.
Term
central nervous system
CNS
Definition
nerves in the brain and spinal cord.
Term
Electroenceohalography
EEG.
Definition
sending electrical signals into the brain to see.
Term
lesioning
Definition
destroying a piece of the brain and seeing what happens after the accident.
Term
electrical stimulation
Definition
sending a weak electric current into the brain to activate it.
Term
computerized tomography
CAT
Definition
computer enhanced x-ray shot from many angles.
Term
position emission tomography
PET
Definition
radioactive markers to map chemical activity in the brain over time.
Term
magnetic resonance imaging
MRI
Definition
uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computerized enhancement to map out brain structure.
Term
hindbrain
Definition
vital functions
medulla, pons, and cerebellum.
SURVIVAL.
Term
midbrain
Definition
sensory functions
dopaminegic projections.
SENSES.
Term
forebrain
Definition
emotions and complex thinking.
thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, cerebrum, cerebral cortex.
COMPLEXITY.
Term
cerebral hemispheres
Definition
two halves connected by the corpus sollosum.
left hemisphere; verbal processing-language, speech, writing.
right hemisphere; nonverbal processing-musical, visual.
Term
cerebral lobes
Definition
occiptal; vision
parietal; somatosensory
temporal; auditory
frontal; movement, thinking.
Term
Wernickle & Broca areas
Definition
associated with language.
Term
hormones
Definition
chemical messengers in the bloodstream
Term
pulsatic release
Definition
several times a day in short bursts
Term
negative feedback system
Definition
after reaching a certain point, secretion stops.
Term
pituitory gland
Definition
master gland
SHORT.
Term
thyroid
Definition
metabolic rate
WEIGHT PROBLEMS.
Term
adrenal
Definition
salt and carbohydrate metabolism.
Term
pancreas gland
Definition
sugar metabolism
Term
gonads
Definition
sex hormones
Term
molecular genetics
Definition
study of biochemical bases of genetic inheritance
Term
richard rose
Definition
"we inherite dispositions, not destines."
Term
evolutionary psychology
Definition
based on Darwins idea of natural selection
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS KEY.
Term
adaptations
Definition
fight-or-flight response
taste preferences
parental investment & mating (females invest more)
Term
mate selection
Definition
important sex differences in desired characteristics
males look for fertile partners
females look for males with resources and power.
Term
family studies
Definition
examining blood relatives to see whats resembled
Term
twin studies
Definition
compare resemblence of identical & fraternal twins
Term
adoption studies
Definition
examine resemblence between adopted children and their biological & adoptive parents.
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