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BIOL 3320
Fluid Transport System
24
Biology
Undergraduate 3
01/30/2013

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Term
arteries
Definition
carry blood away from the heart, have a rigid structure, mostly composed of elastic fibers & smooth muscle, which allow for elasticity & contractility (oxygenated blood)
Term
veins
Definition
carry blood toward the heart, are relatively thin, not rigid, have one-way valves to aid in blood return against gravity (unoxygenated blood)
Term
tunica interna
Definition
innermost layer
Term
tunica media
Definition
middle layer, thickest layer in arteries
Term
tunica externa
Definition
outermost layer, thickest layer in veins
Term
lumen
Definition
hollow center of a blood vessel, the "hole" that fluid moves through
Term
arteriole
Definition
small arteries, blood flows into these from the larger arteries
Term
capillary
Definition
network of vessels that permit the exchange of nutrients & waste between the blood & the cells, one cell layer thick (NOT ARTERIES OR VEINS)
Term
venule
Definition
small veins, blood flows into these from capillaries, they drain into larger vein
Term
circulatory system
Definition
an extensive pathway of tube-like vessels connected to a web-like network, which facilitates diffusion of materials across a concentration gradient
Term
lymphatic system
Definition
runs parallel to the circulatory system, assists in circulating body fluids, & helps defend against disease-causing agents
Term
functions of the lymphatic system
Definition
drains excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces & returns it to the blood; transports dietary lipids, lipid-soluable (A,D,E,K) & water soluable (B,C); carry out immune responses - initiate highly specific responses directed against particular microbes or abnormal by(usually cancerous) cells, facilitated by lymphocytes aided by macrophages
Term
lymph vessel
Definition
carry lymph fluid, follow the circulatory system
Term
lymphatic capillary
Definition
drain interstitial fluid from tissues
Term
lymphatic ductus
Definition
lymph vessels eventually converge on one of two main collecting ducts
Term
right lymphatic duct
Definition
receives lymph from only the upper right side of the body, empties into the junction of the right internal jugular vein & right subclavian vein
Term
thoracic duct
Definition
the main collecting duct of the lymphatic system, receives lymph from the entire left side of the body & the right side below the waist, drains into the junction of the left internal jugular & left subclavian vein
Term
cisterna chyli
Definition
the beginning of the thoracic duct, located in the abdomen
Term
lymph nodes
Definition
masses of lymphatic tissue scattered throughout the body along the lymph vessels. composed of B cells, T cells, & macrophages. functions in immune response & filters lymph of debris for phagocytosis
Term
tonsils
Definition
a ring of 5 lymphatic nodules in the throat which fight against inhaled or ingested foreign substances
Term
locations of lymph nodes
Definition
armpit, groin, neck, behind knee, under tongue
Term
spleen
Definition
largest mass of lymphatic tissue, located between stomach, diaphragm, kidney, & pancreas *largest lymphatic organ in the body
Term
functions of the spleen
Definition
removal of worn out blood cells, immune response, & storage of platelets
Term
thymus gland
Definition
located between the lungs, rests around the trachea. site of maturation of T lymphocytes (T-cells) *shrinks as we get older
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