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BIOL 252 Lab
Acid-Base lab
14
Biology
Undergraduate 2
04/15/2008

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Term
Biuret reagent
Definition

Turns violet in presence of protein, pink in presence of short polypeptide chains


Used to detect breakdown of proteins

Term
Salivary amylase
Definition
Enzyme produced by salivary glands
Term

Chemical substances in food

1. Provide energy

2. Act as building blocks to form new body components

3. Assist body processes

Definition

Nutrients are...

3 uses: 

Term
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Definition
6 major nutrient classes
Term

Proteins produced to catalyze (speed up) reactions;

these proteins' shapes remain unchanged after reaction 

Definition
Enzymes are:
Term

acid-base balance

decrease pH (more acidic)

increase pH (more basic) 

Definition
Respiration aids in maintaining ____ because an increase in CO2 ____ pH and decrease in CO2 causes _____ in pH
Term
H+ ions, NH4+ (ammonium) ions, and NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate)
Definition
Kidney excretion helps w/ homeostasis of pH because it secretes and reabsorbs ____, ____ and ____
Term
Phenol red.  Red=alkaline soln, orange=neutral, yellow=acidic
Definition
A pH indicator.  Turns red in _____, orange in ____, and yellow in _____
Term
starch into maltose via hydrolysis, which is the splitting of a molecule using water
Definition
Salivary amylase breaks down _____ into ____ via _____, which is
Term

37 deg Celsius (body temperature) = best

Cold temps = slow (not enough energy)

High temps = nothing or not much (too high temp for enzyme) 

Definition
Salivary amylase works best at ____ temp, slowly at ____, and not at all at _____
Term
Around pH of 7-8
Definition
Optimum pH for salivary amylase
Term
Pepsin, optimum pH is 2-4 (acidic like the stomach)
Definition
Digestive protease (digests proteins) found in chief cells of stomach; optimal pH is ____
Term
Trypsin; optimum pH is at 8
Definition
Enzyme released into duodenum that breaks down proteins; optimum pH is _____
Term
Lugol's iodine
Definition
____ is used to test for presence of starch (black in presence of starch)
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